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Over-parameterized neural networks generalize well in practice without any explicit regularization. Although it has not been proven yet, empirical evidence suggests that implicit regularization plays a crucial role in deep learning and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Masayoshi Kubo , Ryotaro Banno , Hidetaka Manabe , Masataka Minoji

Deep learning systems are known to exhibit implicit regularization (alt. implicit bias), favoring simple solutions instead of merely minimizing the loss function. In some cases, we can analytically derive the implicit regularization --…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Joseph H. Rudoler , Kevin Tan , Giles Hooker , Konrad P. Kording

Normalization layers are widely used in deep neural networks to stabilize training. In this paper, we consider the training of convolutional neural networks with gradient descent on a single training example. This optimization problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Zhenwei Dai , Reinhard Heckel

Despite overparameterization, deep networks trained via supervised learning are easy to optimize and exhibit excellent generalization. One hypothesis to explain this is that overparameterized deep networks enjoy the benefits of implicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Aviral Kumar , Rishabh Agarwal , Tengyu Ma , Aaron Courville , George Tucker , Sergey Levine

Deep Reinforcement Learning has shown great success in a variety of control tasks. However, it is unclear how close we are to the vision of putting Deep RL into practice to solve real world problems. In particular, common practice in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Chenyang Zhao , Olivier Sigaud , Freek Stulp , Timothy M. Hospedales

We introduce a new technique for gradient normalization during neural network training. The gradients are rescaled during the backward pass using normalization layers introduced at certain points within the network architecture. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Alejandro Cabana , Luis F. Lago-Fernández

Using weight decay to penalize the L2 norms of weights in neural networks has been a standard training practice to regularize the complexity of networks. In this paper, we show that a family of regularizers, including weight decay, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Ziquan Liu , Yufei Cui , Antoni B. Chan

In this work we study input gradient regularization of deep neural networks, and demonstrate that such regularization leads to generalization proofs and improved adversarial robustness. The proof of generalization does not overcome the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Chris Finlay , Jeff Calder , Bilal Abbasi , Adam Oberman

An open question in the Deep Learning community is why neural networks trained with Gradient Descent generalize well on real datasets even though they are capable of fitting random data. We propose an approach to answering this question…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Satrajit Chatterjee

We study gradient-based regularization methods for neural networks. We mainly focus on two regularization methods: the total variation and the Tikhonov regularization. Applying these methods is equivalent to using neural networks to solve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Lingfeng Li , Xue-Cheng Tai , Jiang Yang

We propose a novel data-dependent structured gradient regularizer to increase the robustness of neural networks vis-a-vis adversarial perturbations. Our regularizer can be derived as a controlled approximation from first principles,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-23 Kevin Roth , Aurelien Lucchi , Sebastian Nowozin , Thomas Hofmann

Deep learning has been wildly successful in practice and most state-of-the-art machine learning methods are based on neural networks. Lacking, however, is a rigorous mathematical theory that adequately explains the amazing performance of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-03 Rahul Parhi , Robert D. Nowak

Modern deep learning models generalize remarkably well in-distribution, despite being overparametrized and trained with little to no explicit regularization. Instead, current theory credits implicit regularization imposed by the choice of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jonathan Wenger , Beau Coker , Juraj Marusic , John P. Cunningham

Underpinning the success of deep learning is effective regularizations that allow a variety of priors in data to be modeled. For example, robustness to adversarial perturbations, and correlations between multiple modalities. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Mao Li , Yingyi Ma , Xinhua Zhang

Regularization is a fundamental technique to prevent over-fitting and to improve generalization performances by constraining a model's complexity. Current Deep Networks heavily rely on regularizers such as Data-Augmentation (DA) or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Randall Balestriero , Leon Bottou , Yann LeCun

Convolution Neural Networks, known as ConvNets exceptionally perform well in many complex machine learning tasks. The architecture of ConvNets demands the huge and rich amount of data and involves with a vast number of parameters that leads…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-14 Pushparaja Murugan , Shanmugasundaram Durairaj

Regularization of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) for the sake of improving their generalization capability is important and challenging. The development in this line benefits theoretical foundation of DNNs and promotes their usability in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Yingzhen Yang , Jiahui Yu , Xingjian Li , Jun Huan , Thomas S. Huang

In an attempt to better understand generalization in deep learning, we study several possible explanations. We show that implicit regularization induced by the optimization method is playing a key role in generalization and success of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-11 Behnam Neyshabur

We develop a new method for regularising neural networks. We learn a probability distribution over the activations of all layers of the model and then insert imputed values into the network during training. We obtain a posterior for an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-14 Matthew Willetts , Alexander Camuto , Stephen Roberts , Chris Holmes

We investigate the generalizability of deep learning based on the sensitivity to input perturbation. We hypothesize that the high sensitivity to the perturbation of data degrades the performance on it. To reduce the sensitivity to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-01 Yuichi Yoshida , Takeru Miyato