Related papers: Time variability of TeV cosmic ray sky map
The air-shower observatory Milagro has detected a large-scale anisotropy of unknown origin in the flux of TeV cosmic rays. We propose that this anisotropy is caused by galactic magnetic fields, in particular, that it results from the…
Cosmic rays (CRs) with energies $\ll$ TeV comprise a significant component of the interstellar medium (ISM). Major uncertainties in CR behavior on observable scales (much larger than CR gyroradii) stem from how magnetic fluctuations scatter…
The origin of Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) remains a mystery after more than one century of their discovery. The diffusive propagation of charged particles in the turbulent Galactic magnetic field makes us unable to trace back to their…
An analysis is made of the manner in which the cosmic ray intensity at Earth has varied over its existence and its possible relevance to both the origin and the evolution of life. Much of the analysis relates to the 'high energy' cosmic…
The Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity has been postulated by others to vary cyclically with a peak to valley ratio of ~3:1, as the Solar System moves from the Spiral Arm to the Inter-Arm regions of the Galaxy. These intensities have been…
The presence of turbulent phenomena in the outer solar atmosphere is a given. However, because we are reduced to remotely sensing the atmosphere of a star with instruments of limited spatial and/or spectral resolution, we can only infer the…
Interstellar scintillation has been conclusively demonstrated to be the principal cause of the intraday variability (IDV) observed in the centimetre-wavelength emission of many AGN. A few sources show large amplitude modulation in their…
In the standard picture of cosmic ray transport the propagation of charged cosmic rays through turbulent magnetic fields is described as a random walk with cosmic rays scattering on magnetic field turbulence. This is in good agreement with…
In order to investigate the origin of the interstellar turbulence, detailed observations in the CO J=1--0 and 3--2 lines have been carried out in an interacting region of a molecular cloud with an HII region. As a result, several 1,000 to…
While cosmic rays $(E\gtrsim 1\,\mathrm{GeV})$ are well coupled to a galaxy's interstellar medium (ISM) at scales of $L>100\,\mathrm{pc}$, adjusting stratification and driving outflows, their impact on small scales is less clear. Based on…
Recent measurements of cosmic rays by various experiments have found that the energy spectrum of cosmic rays is harder in the TeV region than at GeV energies. The origin of the spectral hardening is not clearly understood. In this paper, we…
Between May 2009 and May 2010, the IceCube neutrino detector recorded 32 billion of atmospheric muons generated in air showers produced by cosmic rays in the TeV energy range. With such high statistics sample it is possible to observe, for…
We present the large-scale sidereal anisotropy ofgalactic cosmic-ray intensity in the multi-TeV region observed with the Tibet-IIIair shower array during the period from 1999 through 2003. The sidereal daily variation of cosmic rays…
The light scattered by an extrasolar Earth-like planet's surface and atmosphere will vary in intensity and color as the planet rotates; the resulting light curve will contain information about the planet's properties. Since most of the…
The evolution of the molecular interstellar medium is controlled by processes such as turbulence, gravity, stellar feedback, and Galactic shear. AL a part of the ISM-6D https://gxli.github.io/ISM-6D/ project, using Gaia astrometric…
Instabilities and turbulence extending to the smallest dynamical scales play important roles in the deposition of energy and momentum by gravity waves throughout the atmosphere. However, these dynamics and their effects have been impossible…
A search for anisotropy at different scales in the arrival directions of cosmic rays with energies above 1 PeV is performed with data of the Tunka-133 array. A number of regions with angular sizes up to approximately 30 degrees that deviate…
Galactic cosmic rays are believed to be generated by diffusive shock acceleration processes in Supernova Remnants, and the arrival direction is likely determined by the distribution of their sources throughout the Galaxy, in particular by…
The problem of the origin of cosmic rays in the shocks produced by supernova explosions at energies below the so called 'knee' (at ~3*10$^6$ GeV) in the energy spectrum is addressed, with special attention to the propagation of the…
GRAPES-3 is a mid-altitude (2200 m) and near equatorial ($11.4^{\circ}$ North) air shower array, overlapping in its field of view for cosmic ray observations with experiments that are located in Northern and Southern hemispheres. We analyze…