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The 1-2-3 Conjecture asks whether almost all graphs can be (edge-)labelled with $1,2,3$ so that no two adjacent vertices are incident to the same sum of labels. In the last decades, several aspects of this problem have been studied in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-17 Julien Bensmail , Hervé Hocquard , Dimitri Lajou , Éric Sopena

Motivated by very large-scale communication networks, we newly introduce exponentiation of graphs. Using the exponential operation on graphs, we can construct various graphs of multi-exponential order with logarithmic diameter. We show that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Toru Hasunuma

A graph whose vertices are points in the plane and whose edges are noncrossing straight-line segments of unit length is called a \emph{matchstick graph}. We prove two somewhat counterintuitive results concerning the maximum number of edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Panna Gehér , János Pach , Konrad Swanepoel , Géza Tóth

The semantics as to which set of arguments in a given argumentation graph may be acceptable (acceptability semantics) can be characterised in a few different ways. Among them, labelling-based approach allows for concise and flexible…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Ryuta Arisaka , Takayuki Ito

The graph isomorphism, subgraph isomorphism, and graph edit distance problems are combinatorial problems with many applications. Heuristic exact and approximate algorithms for each of these problems have been developed for different kinds…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Sheung Chi Chan , James Cheney

The study of very large graphs is a prominent theme in modern-day mathematics. In this paper we develop a rigorous foundation for studying the space of finite labelled graphs and their limits. These limiting objects are naturally countable…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-27 Apoorva Khare , Bala Rajaratnam

A simple and connected $n$-vertex graph has a prime vertex labeling if the vertices can be injectively labeled with the integers $1, 2, 3,\ldots, n$, such that adjacent vertices have relatively prime labels. We will present previously…

Multi-intent detection and slot filling joint models are gaining increasing traction since they are closer to complicated real-world scenarios. However, existing approaches (1) focus on identifying implicit correlations between utterances…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Zhihong Zhu , Weiyuan Xu , Xuxin Cheng , Tengtao Song , Yuexian Zou

We consider the problem of determining the inducibility (maximum possible asymptotic density of induced copies) of oriented graphs on four vertices. We provide exact values for more than half of the graphs, and very close lower and upper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-18 Łukasz Bożyk , Andrzej Grzesik , Bartłomiej Kielak

A vertex $v$ is called an AR-vertex, if $v$ has distinct edge weight sums for each distinct subset of edges incident on $v$. i.e., if $\{x_1,x_2,\dots,x_k\}$ are the edge labels of the edges incident on $v$, then the $2^k$ subset sums are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Arun J Manattu , Aparna Lakshmanan S

We describe a way of assigning labels to the vertices of any undirected graph on up to $n$ vertices, each composed of $n/2+O(1)$ bits, such that given the labels of two vertices, and no other information regarding the graph, it is possible…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-04-15 Stephen Alstrup , Haim Kaplan , Mikkel Thorup , Uri Zwick

Multi-layer graphs consist of several graphs (layers) over the same vertex set. They are motivated by real-world problems where entities (vertices) are associated via multiple types of relationships (edges in different layers). We chart the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Robert Bredereck , Christian Komusiewicz , Stefan Kratsch , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Manuel Sorge

For a degree sequence, we define the set of edges that appear in every labeled realization of that sequence as forced, while the edges that appear in none as forbidden. We examine structure of graphs whose degree sequences contain either…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-28 Brian Cloteaux

In fault-tolerant distance labeling we wish to assign short labels to the vertices of a graph $G$ such that from the labels of any three vertices $u,v,f$ we can infer the $u$-to-$v$ distance in the graph $G\setminus \{f\}$. We show that any…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Aviv Bar-Natan , Panagiotis Charalampopoulos , Paweł Gawrychowski , Shay Mozes , Oren Weimann

A graph is called (generically) rigid in R^d if, for any choice of sufficiently generic edge lengths, it can be embedded in R^d in a finite number of distinct ways, modulo rigid transformations. Here, we deal with the problem of determining…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-10-24 Stylianos C. Despotakis , Ioannis Z. Emiris

Given a set of detections, detected at each time instant independently, we investigate how to associate them across time. This is done by propagating labels on a set of graphs, each graph capturing how either the spatio-temporal or the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-12-02 Amit Kumar K. C. , Laurent Jacques , Christophe De Vleeschouwer

Given an edge-coloring of a graph, the palette of a vertex is defined as the set of colors of the edges which are incident with it. We define the palette index of a graph as the minimum number of distinct palettes, taken over all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-09 Davide Mattiolo , Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo , Gloria Tabarelli

Let $F$ be a (possibly improper) edge-coloring of a graph $G$; a vertex coloring of $G$ is \emph{adapted to} $F$ if no color appears at the same time on an edge and on its two endpoints. If for some integer $k$, a graph $G$ is such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-02 Carl Johan Casselgren , Jonas B. Granholm , André Raspaud

In this paper we study variations of an old result by M\"{u}ller, Reiterman, and the last author stating that a countable graph has a subgraph with infinite degrees if and only if in any labeling of the vertices (or edges) of this graph by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-10 Andrii Arman , Bradley Elliott , Vojtěch Rödl

Call a colouring of a graph distinguishing, if the only colour preserving automorphism is the identity. A conjecture of Tucker states that if every automorphism of a graph $G$ moves infinitely many vertices, then there is a distinguishing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-10 Florian Lehner , Monika Pilśniak , Marcin Stawiski