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Dependent types provide a lightweight and modular means to integrate programming and formal program verification. In particular, the types of programs written in dependently typed programming languages (Agda, Idris, F*, etc.) can be used to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Danel Ahman

We study the semantic foundation of expressive probabilistic programming languages, that support higher-order functions, continuous distributions, and soft constraints (such as Anglican, Church, and Venture). We define a metalanguage (an…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-03-31 Sam Staton , Hongseok Yang , Chris Heunen , Ohad Kammar , Frank Wood

Probabilistic logic programs are logic programs in which some of the facts are annotated with probabilities. Several classical probabilistic inference tasks (such as MAP and computing marginals) have not yet received a lot of attention for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-02-20 Daan Fierens , Guy Van den Broeck , Ingo Thon , Bernd Gutmann , Luc De Raedt

Reciprocal transformations mix the role of the dependent and independent variables to achieve simpler versions or even linearized versions of nonlinear PDEs. These transformations help in the identification of a plethora of PDEs available…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-04-08 C. Sardon

We explore the design and implementation of Frank, a strict functional programming language with a bidirectional effect type system designed from the ground up around a novel variant of Plotkin and Pretnar's effect handler abstraction.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-10-04 Sam Lindley , Conor McBride , Craig McLaughlin

Circuit representations are becoming the lingua franca to express and reason about tractable generative and discriminative models. In this paper, we show how complex inference scenarios for these models that commonly arise in machine…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-12 Antonio Vergari , YooJung Choi , Anji Liu , Stefano Teso , Guy Van den Broeck

We show that the standard computational pipeline of probabilistic programming systems (PPSs) can be inefficient for estimating expectations and introduce the concept of expectation programming to address this. In expectation programming,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Tim Reichelt , Adam Goliński , Luke Ong , Tom Rainforth

We consider a programming language that can manipulate both classical and quantum information. Our language is type-safe and designed for variational quantum programming, which is a hybrid classical-quantum computational paradigm. The…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Xiaodong Jia , Andre Kornell , Bert Lindenhovius , Michael Mislove , Vladimir Zamdzhiev

Probabilistic Answer Set Programming under the credal semantics (PASP) extends Answer Set Programming with probabilistic facts that represent uncertain information. The probabilistic facts are discrete with Bernoulli distributions. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Damiano Azzolini , Fabrizio Riguzzi

Current probabilistic programming languages and tools tightly couple model representations with specific inference algorithms, preventing experimentation with novel representations or mixed discrete-continuous models. We introduce a factor…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Ole Fenske , Maximilian Popko , Sebastian Bader , Thomas Kirste

Agents are small programs that autonomously take actions based on changes in their environment or ``state.'' Over the last few years, there have been an increasing number of efforts to build agents that can interact and/or collaborate with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Juergen Dix , Mirco Nanni , VS Subrahmanian

Probabilistic programming languages are valuable because they allow domain experts to express probabilistic models and inference algorithms without worrying about irrelevant details. However, for decades there remained an important and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Rajan Walia , Praveen Narayanan , Jacques Carette , Sam Tobin-Hochstadt , Chung-chieh Shan

PRholog is an experimental extension of logic programming with strategic conditional transformation rules, combining Prolog with Rholog calculus. The rules perform nondeterministic transformations on hedges. Queries may have several results…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2010-01-26 Besik Dundua , Temur Kutsia , Mircea Marin

Probabilistic programming languages (PPLs) are a popular tool for high-level modelling across many fields. They provide a range of algorithms for probabilistic inference, which analyse models by learning their parameters from a dataset or…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Sangho Lim , Hyoungjin Lim , Wonyeol Lee , Xavier Rival , Hongseok Yang

The aim of a probabilistic output analysis is to derive a probability distribution of possible output values for a program from a probability distribution of its input. We present a method for performing static output analysis, based on…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-09-30 Mads Rosendahl , Maja H. Kirkeby

Forward inference techniques such as sequential Monte Carlo and particle Markov chain Monte Carlo for probabilistic programming can be implemented in any programming language by creative use of standardized operating system functionality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-11 Brooks Paige , Frank Wood

Language use differs dramatically from context to context. To some degree, modern language models like GPT-3 are able to account for such variance by conditioning on a string of previous input text, or prompt. Yet prompting is ineffective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Julia White , Noah Goodman , Robert Hawkins

Emerging computational paradigms, such as probabilistic and hybrid programming, introduce new primitive operations that often need to be combined with classic programming constructs. However, it still remains a challenge to provide a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Fredrik Dahlqvist , Renato Neves

Learning from human involvement aims to incorporate the human subject to monitor and correct agent behavior errors. Although most interactive imitation learning methods focus on correcting the agent's action at the current state, they do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Haoyuan Cai , Zhenghao Peng , Bolei Zhou

In this work, we study the fully automated inference of expected result values of probabilistic programs in the presence of natural programming constructs such as procedures, local variables and recursion. While crucial, capturing these…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Martin Avanzini , Georg Moser , Michael Schaper