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Electronic health records represent a holistic overview of patients' trajectories. Their increasing availability has fueled new hopes to leverage them and develop accurate risk prediction models for a wide range of diseases. Given the…

Longitudinal electronic health record (EHR) data are often left-censored, making diagnosis records incomplete and unreliable for determining disease onset. In contrast, outpatient prescriptions form renewal-based trajectories that provide a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Pavlin G. Poličar , Dalibor Stanimirović , Blaž Zupan

Objective: In modern healthcare, accurately predicting diseases is a crucial matter. This study introduces a novel approach using graph neural networks (GNNs) and a Graph Transformer (GT) to predict the incidence of heart failure (HF) on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Heloisa Oss Boll , Ali Amirahmadi , Amira Soliman , Stefan Byttner , Mariana Recamonde-Mendoza

Dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) are critical to precision medicine, optimizing long-term outcomes through personalized, real-time decision-making in evolving clinical contexts, but require careful supervision for unsafe treatment risks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yishan Shen , Yuyang Ye , Hui Xiong , Yong Chen

The aim of clinical effectiveness research using repositories of electronic health records is to identify what health interventions 'work best' in real-world settings. Since there are several reasons why the net benefit of intervention may…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-19 Jie Zhu , Blanca Gallego

This paper presents a robust and kernelized data-enabled predictive control (RoKDeePC) algorithm to perform model-free optimal control for nonlinear systems using only input and output data. The algorithm combines robust predictive control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-07 Linbin Huang , John Lygeros , Florian Dörfler

Personalized decision-making, aiming to derive optimal treatment regimes based on individual characteristics, has recently attracted increasing attention in many fields, such as medicine, social services, and economics. Current literature…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-28 Jianing Chu , Wenbin Lu , Shu Yang

Randomized clinical trials are considered the gold standard for estimating causal effects. Nevertheless, in studies that are aimed at examining adverse effects of interventions, such trials are often impractical because of ethical and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-20 Anthony D. Scotina , Andrew R. Zullo , Robert J. Smith , Roee Gutman

In recent years, ML algorithms have been shown to be useful for predicting diseases based on health data and posed a potential application area for these algorithms such as modeling of diseases. The majority of these applications employ…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Elham Musaaed , Nabil Hewahi , Abdulla Alasaadi

A treatment regime is a function that maps individual patient information to a recommended treatment, hence explicitly incorporating the heterogeneity in need for treatment across individuals. Patient responses are dichotomous and can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-07 Yingfei Wang , Warren Powell

Our research addresses the critical challenge of managing blood transfusions and optimizing allocation in resource-constrained regions. We present heuristic matching algorithms for donor-patient and blood bank selection, alongside machine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 El Arbi Belfarsi , Sophie Brubaker , Maria Valero

Dynamic treatment regimens (DTRs) are sequential decision rules tailored at each stage by potentially time-varying patient features and intermediate outcomes observed in previous stages. The complexity, patient heterogeneity and chronicity…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-11-09 Ying Liu , Yuanjia Wang , Michael R. Kosorok , Yingqi Zhao , Donglin Zeng

Estimating individual-level treatment effect from observational data is a fundamental problem in causal inference and has attracted increasing attention in the fields of education, healthcare, and public policy.In this work, we concentrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Hui Meng , Keping Yang , Xuyu Peng , Bo Zheng

Clinical prediction models are increasingly used to support patient care, yet many deep learning-based approaches remain unstable, as their predictions can vary substantially when trained on different samples from the same population. Such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Sara Matijevic , Christopher Yau

Personalized medicine has received increasing attention among statisticians, computer scientists, and clinical practitioners. A major component of personalized medicine is the estimation of individualized treatment rules (ITRs). Recently,…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-08-14 Xin Zhou , Nicole Mayer-Hamblett , Umer Khan , Michael R. Kosorok

Accurately predicting hospital readmission risks using electronic health records (EHRs) is critical for effective patient management and healthcare resource allocation. Patient populations in health systems are highly heterogeneous across…

A key challenge in sequential decision making is optimizing systems safely under partial information. While much of the literature has focused on the cases of either partially known states or partially known dynamics, it is further…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-21 Qinyang He , Yonatan Mintz

Building phenotype models using electronic health record (EHR) data conventionally requires manually labeled cases and controls. Assigning labels is labor intensive and, for some phenotypes, identifying gold-standard controls is…

This paper introduces the OPIAID algorithm, a novel approach for predicting and recommending personalized opioid dosages for individual patients. The algorithm optimizes pain management while minimizing opioid related adverse events (ORADE)…

Progression to dialysis or end-stage renal disease is a rare but clinically important outcome. Clinicians need evidence on how medication exposures influence downstream risk. We constructed a fixed-window EHR cohort (90-day observation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Kalyani P. Pande , Evan Yang , Bryan Zhu , Sandeep K. Mallipattu , Alisa Yurovsky , Tengfei Ma