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In this paper we generalize the classical Proth's theorem for integers of the form $N=Kp^n+1$. For these families, we present a primality test whose computational complexity is $\widetilde{O}(\log^2(N))$ and, what is more important, that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-04-27 José María Grau , Antonio M. Oller-Marcén

We describe a primality test for number $M=(2p)^{2^n}+1$ with odd prime $p$ and positive integer $n$. And we also give the special primality criteria for all odd primes $p$ not exceeding 19. All these primality tests run in polynomial time…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-07-09 Yingpu Deng , Dandan Huang

In this paper, we provide a generalization of Proth's theorem for integers of the form $Kp^n+1$. In particular, a primality test that requires only one modular exponentiation similar to that of Fermat's test without the computation of any…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-27 A. Ramzy

In 1876, Edouard Lucas showed that if an integer $b$ exists such that $b^{n-1} \equiv 1 (\mathrm{mod} \ n)$ and $b^{(n-1)/p} \not\equiv 1( \mathrm{mod} \ n)$ for all prime divisors $p$ of $n-1$ , then $n$ is prime, a result known as Lucas's…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Ariko Stephen Philemon

Robert Denomme and Gordan Savin made a primality test for Fermat numbers 2^(2^k)+1 using elliptic curves. We propose another primality test using elliptic curves for Fermat numbers and also give primality tests for integers of the form…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-12-14 Yu Tsumura

Determining whether a given integer is prime or composite is a basic task in number theory. We present a primality test based on quantum order finding and the converse of Fermat's theorem. For an integer $N$, the test tries to find an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Alvaro Donis-Vela , Juan Carlos Garcia-Escartin

Generalized Cullen Numbers are positive integers of the form $C_b(n):=nb^n+1$. In this work we generalize some known divisibility properties of Cullen Numbers and present two primality tests for this family of integers. The first test is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-07-07 Jose Maria Grau , Antonio M. Oller-Marcen

We add one condition to the theorem of Proth to extend its applicability to $N=k2^n+1$ where $2^n>N^{1/3}$ as opposed to the former constraint of $2^n>k$. This additional condition adds barely any complexity or time to the test and can…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-01 Tejas R. Rao

In this expository paper we describe four primality tests. The first test is very efficient, but is only capable of proving that a given number is either composite or 'very probably' prime. The second test is a deterministic polynomial time…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-01-25 Rene Schoof

We prove lower bounds for the number of primes $p \leq N + b$ such that $p-b$ is divisible by $2^{k(N)}$ and has at most $k$ odd prime factors ($k \geq 2$), assuming $2^{k(N)} \leq N^\theta$ for some $\theta > 0$ depending on $k$. The proof…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Likun Xie

We establish a necessary condition for pseudoprimality and a sufficient condition for primality of Fermat numbers, based on a congruence involving the exponent $(F_n-1)/4$. Moreover, in connection with P\'epin's primality test, we obtain a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Paolo Starni

We present an algorithm to decide the primality of Proth numbers, N=2^e t+1, without assuming any unproven hypothesis. The expected running time and the worst case running time of the algorithm are O ((t log t + log N)log N) and O ((t log t…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-07-05 Tsz-Wo Sze

Primitive roots of 1 mod p^k (k>2 and odd prime p) are sought, in cyclic units group G_k = A_k B_k mod p^k, coprime to p, of order (p-1)p^{k-1}. 'Core' subgroup A_k has order p-1 independent of k, and p+1 generates 'extension' subgroup B_k…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 N. F. Benschop

Let $\sigma(n)$ to be the sum of the positive divisors of $n$. A number is non-deficient if $\sigma(n) \geq 2n$. We establish new lower bounds for the number of distinct prime factors of an odd non-deficient number in terms of its second…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-15 Joshua Zelinsky

We consider a probabilistic quantum implementation of a variable of the Pocklington-Lehmer $N-1$ primality test using Shor's algorithm. O($\log^3 N \log\log N \log\log\log N$) elementary q-bit operations are required to determine the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 H. F. Chau , H. -K. Lo

Odd numbers can be indexed by the map k(n)=(n-3)/2, n belonging to 2N+3. We first propose a basic primality test using this index function that was first introduced in article (8). Input size of operations is reduced which improves…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Marc Wolf , François Wolf

We give Deterministic Primality tests for large families of numbers. These tests were inspired in the recent and celebrated Agrawal-Kayal-Saxena (AKS) test. The AKS test has proved polynomial complexity O ((log n)^12) and they expect it to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Pedro Berrizbeitia

We propose some primality tests for 2^kn-1, where k, n in Z, k>= 2 and n odd. There are several tests depending on how big n is. These tests are proved using properties of elliptic curves. Essentially, the new primality tests are the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-12-31 Yu Tsumura

We present a function that tests for primality, factorizes composites and builds a closed form expression of $\pi(n^2)$ in terms of $\sum_{3 \leq p \leq n} \frac{1}{p}$ and a weaker version of $\omega(n)$.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-01-23 Madieyna Diouf

A primorial prime is a prime number of the form $p_n\# \pm 1$ where $p_n\#$ denotes the product of all primes less than or equal to $p_{n}$, the $n$-th prime. We show that the probability along the lines of Mertens' Theorem that either…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-12 George Lillie
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