Related papers: Visualizing Encapsulated Graphene, its Defects and…
Devices made from two dimensional materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit remarkable electronic properties of interest to many subdisciplines of nanoscience. Owing to their 2D nature, their quality is highly…
Graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) material with unique electronic properties, appears to be an ideal object for the application of surface-science methods. Among them, a family of scanning probe microscopy methods (STM, AFM, KPFM) and the…
The coherence of quantum dot qubits fabricated in semiconductors is often limited by charge noise from defects in gate dielectrics, which are material- and process-dependent. Characterizing these defects is an important step towards…
Point Projection Microscopy (PPM) is used to image suspended graphene using low-energy electrons (100-200eV). Because of the low energies used, the graphene is neither damaged or contaminated by the electron beam. The transparency of…
High-quality spatially-resolved measurements of electric fields are critical to understanding charge injection, charge transport, and charge trapping in semiconducting materials. Here, we report a variation of frequency-modulated Kelvin…
Label-free spectromicroscopy methods offer the capability to examine complex cellular phenomena. Electron and X-ray-based spectromicroscopy methods, though powerful, have been hard to implement with hydrated objects due to the vacuum…
CVD grown graphene used in (scanning) transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM) studies must undergo a careful transfer of the one-atom-thick membrane from the growth surface (typically a Cu foil) to the TEM grid. During this transfer…
Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) can image nanoscale objects buried below the surface. Here, we theoretically show that this capability can be used to obtain nanotomographic information, i.e., the physical dimensions and dielectric…
Intercalation of two dimensional materials, particularly transition metal dichalcogenides, is a noninvasive way to modify electronic, optical and structural properties of these materials. However, research of these atomic-scale phenomena…
Van der Waals heterostructures formed by stacking different atomically thin layered materials have emerged as the sought-after device platform for electronic and optoelectronic applications. Determining the spatial extent of all the…
Kelvin probe microscopy (KPFM) is a well-established scanning probe technique, used to measure surface potential accurately; it has found extensive use in the study of a range of materials phenomena. In its conventional form, KPFM…
Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is a powerful tool for studying contact electrification, using an tiny tip to image voltages caused by transferred charge. It has been used in stationary studies focused on finding patterns (e.g.…
At a single atom thick, it is challenging to distinguish graphene from its substrate using conventional techniques. In this paper we show that friction force microscopy (FFM) is a simple and quick technique for identifying graphene on a…
Research in semiconductor physics has advanced to the study of two-dimensional (2D) materials where the surface controls electronic transport. A scanning probe microscope (SPM) is an ideal tool to image electronic motion in these devices by…
Recent dramatic progress in studying various two-dimensional (2D) atomic crystals and their heterostructures calls for better and more detailed understanding of their crystallography, reconstruction, stacking order, etc. For this, direct…
Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) adapts an atomic force microscope to measure electric potential on surfaces at nanometer length scales. Here we demonstrate that Heterodyne-KPFM enables scan rates of several frames per minute in air,…
Opto-electronic devices utilizing graphene have already demonstrated unique capabilities, which are much more difficult to realize with conventional technologies. However, the requirements in terms of material quality and uniformity are…
The encapsulation of graphene based Hall sensors on foil is shown to be an effective method for improving the performance in terms of higher sensitivity for magnetic field detection. Two types of encapsulation were investigated: a simple…
The electronic quality of graphene has improved significantly over the past two decades, revealing novel phenomena. However, even state-of-the-art devices exhibit substantial spatial charge fluctuations originating from charged defects…
Graphene is a truly two-dimensional material with exceptional electronic, mechanical, and optical properties. As such, it consists of surface only and can be probed by the well developed surface-science techniques as, e.g., scanning…