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We present an integrated approach for perception and control for an autonomous vehicle and demonstrate this approach in a high-fidelity urban driving simulator. Our approach first builds a model for the environment, then trains a policy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-19 Ali Baheri , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Anouck Girard , H. Eric Tseng , Dimitar Filev

With the rise of AI and automation, moral decisions are being put into the hands of algorithms that were formerly the preserve of humans. In autonomous driving, a variety of such decisions with ethical implications are made by algorithms…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Maximilian Geisslinger , Franziska Poszler , Markus Lienkamp

Control systems on unmanned vehicles are safety-critical systems whose requirements on reliability and safety are ever-increasing. Currently, testing a complex autonomous control system is an expensive and time-consuming process, which…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-08 Xunhua Dai , Chenxu Ke , Quan Quan , Kai-Yuan Cai

Autonomous driving promises safer roads, reduced congestion, and improved mobility, yet validating these systems across diverse conditions remains a major challenge. Real-world testing is expensive, time-consuming, and sometimes unsafe,…

Designing diverse and safety-critical driving scenarios is essential for evaluating autonomous driving systems. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) for few-shot code generation to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yongjie Fu , Ruijian Zha , Pei Tian , Xuan Di

Self-driving technology is expected to revolutionize different sectors and is seen as the natural evolution of road vehicles. In the last years, real-world validation of designed and virtually tested solutions is growing in importance since…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Stefano Arrigoni , Simone Mentasti , Federico Cheli , Matteo Matteucci , Francesco Braghin

Developing safety and efficiency applications for Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) require a great deal of testing and evaluation. The need for the operation of these systems in critical and dangerous situations makes the burden of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Ahura Jami , Mahdi Razzaghpour , Hussein Alnuweiri , Yaser P. Fallah

This paper presents a pioneering exploration into the integration of fine-grained human supervision within the autonomous driving domain to enhance system performance. The current advances in End-to-End autonomous driving normally are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Yiqun Duan , Zhuoli Zhuang , Jinzhao Zhou , Yu-Cheng Chang , Yu-Kai Wang , Chin-Teng Lin

Evaluating the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) requires diverse, safety-critical scenarios, with collisions being especially important yet rare and unsafe to collect in the real world. Therefore, the community has been focusing on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Pin-Lun Chen , Chi-Hsi Kung , Che-Han Chang , Wei-Chen Chiu , Yi-Ting Chen

Moral responsibility is a major concern in autonomous systems, with applications ranging from self-driving cars to kidney exchanges. Although there have been recent attempts to formalise responsibility and blame, among similar notions, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Lewis Hammond , Vaishak Belle

Autonomous driving has been the subject of increased interest in recent years both in industry and in academia. Serious efforts are being pursued to address legal, technical and logistical problems and make autonomous cars a viable option…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Nan Li , Dave Oyler , Mengxuan Zhang , Yildiray Yildiz , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Anouck Girard

Robotic autonomy in open-world environments is fundamentally limited by insufficient data diversity and poor cross-embodiment generalization. Existing robotic datasets are often limited in scale and task coverage, while relatively large…

The robustness of SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) algorithms under challenging environmental conditions is critical for the success of autonomous driving. However, the real-world impact of such conditions remains largely…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Yuhang Han , Zhengtao Liu , Shuo Sun , Dongen Li , Jiawei Sun , Chengran Yuan , Marcelo H. Ang

Automated vehicles (AVs) face a critical need to adopt socially compatible behaviors and cooperate effectively with human-driven vehicles (HVs) in heterogeneous traffic environment. However, most existing lane-changing frameworks overlook…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jie Pan , Tianyi Wang , Yangyang Wang , Junfeng Jiao , Christian Claudel

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are rapidly advancing and are expected to play a central role in future mobility. Ensuring their safe deployment requires reliable interaction with other road users, not least pedestrians. Direct testing on public…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yueyang Wang , Mehmet Dogar , Russell Darling , Gustav Markkula

The objective of the first CARLA autonomous driving challenge was to deploy autonomous driving systems to lead with complex traffic scenarios where all participants faced the same challenging traffic situations. According to the organizers,…

There are many artificial intelligence algorithms for autonomous driving, but directly installing these algorithms on vehicles is unrealistic and expensive. At the same time, many of these algorithms need an environment to train and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Wei Cao , Liguo Zhou , Yuhong Huang , Alois Knoll

Achieving fully autonomous driving systems requires learning rational decisions in a wide span of scenarios, including safety-critical and out-of-distribution ones. However, such cases are underrepresented in real-world corpus collected by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Haochen Tian , Tianyu Li , Haochen Liu , Jiazhi Yang , Yihang Qiu , Guang Li , Junli Wang , Yinfeng Gao , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang , Hangjun Ye , Tieniu Tan , Long Chen , Hongyang Li

Ethical thought experiments such as the trolley dilemma have been investigated extensively in the past, showing that humans act in a utilitarian way, trying to cause as little overall damage as possible. These trolley dilemmas have gained…

One major challenge for the adoption and acceptance of automated vehicles (AVs) is ensuring that they can make sound decisions in everyday situations that involve ethical tension. Much attention has focused on rare, high-stakes dilemmas…