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We establish a strong link between two apparently unrelated topics: the study of conflicting information in the formal framework of valuation algebras, and the phenomena of non-locality and contextuality. In particular, we show that these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-12 Samson Abramsky , Giovanni Carù

In a recent work, arXiv:2503.05884, we proposed a unified notion of nonclassicality that applies to arbitrary processes in quantum theory, including individual quantum states, measurements, channels, set of these, etc. This notion is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-07 Yujie Zhang , Yìlè Yīng , David Schmid

Quantum contextuality, where measurement outcomes depend on the measurement context, implies a failure of classical realism in quantum systems. As recently shown, the transition between measurement contexts can be mapped onto the path that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Yuki Sagawa , Jonte R. Hance , Holger F. Hofmann , Takafumi Ono

Contextuality is a fundamental marker of quantum non-classicality, which has emerged as a key resource for quantum computational advantage in multiple settings. Many such results hinge specifically on contextuality witnessed through Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-06 Raman Choudhary , Rui Soares Barbosa

Nonlinear modifications of quantum theory are considered potential candidates for the theory of quantum gravity, with the intuitive argument that since Einstein field equations are nonlinear, quantum gravity should be nonlinear as well.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Ruben Campos Delgado , Martin Plávala

Operational contextuality forms a rapidly developing subfield of quantum information theory. However, the characterization of the quantum mechanical entities that fuel the phenomenon has remained unknown with many partial results existing.…

The most promising candidate for being the fundamental principle of quantum contextuality is the Exclusivity principle, which states that the sum of the probabilities of a set of pairwise exclusive events cannot exceed 1. By itself, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-31 Barbara Amaral

In classical physics, properties of the objects exist independently on the context, i.e. whether and how measurements are performed. Quantum physics showed this assumption to be wrong and that Nature is indeed "contextual". Contextuality…

Contextuality, the impossibility of assigning a single random variable to represent the outcomes of the same measurement procedure under different experimental conditions, is a central aspect of quantum mechanics. Thus defined, it appears…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-02-17 J. Acacio de Barros , Gary Oas

Contextuality has long been associated with topological properties. In this work, such a relationship is elevated to identification in the broader framework of generalized contextuality. We employ the usual identification of states,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-04 Sidiney B. Montanhano

This is a non-technical introduction into theory of contextuality. More precisely, it presents the basics of a theory of contextuality called Contextuality-by-Default (CbD). One of the main tenets of CbD is that the identity of a random…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-13 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

We present a formal theory of contextuality for a set of random variables grouped into different subsets (contexts) corresponding to different, mutually incompatible conditions. Within each context the random variables are jointly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-01 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Janne V. Kujala , Jan-Åke Larsson

Characterising unknown quantum states and measurements is a fundamental problem in quantum information processing. In this Letter, we provide a novel scheme to self-test local quantum systems using non-contextuality inequalities. Our work…

Violation of a noncontextuality inequality or the phenomenon referred to `quantum contextuality' is a fundamental feature of quantum theory. In this article, we derive a novel family of noncontextuality inequalities along with their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-07 Debashis Saha , Rafael Santos , Remigiusz Augusiak

In this work, we elaborate on a measure-theoretic approach to negative probabilities. We study a natural notion of contextuality measure and characterize its main properties. Then, we apply this measure to relevant examples of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-02 Elisa Monchietti , César Massri , J. Acacio de Barros , Federico Holik

Cyclic systems of dichotomous random variables have played a prominent role in contextuality research, describing such experimental paradigms as the Klyachko-Can-Binicoglu-Shumovky, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bell, and Leggett-Garg ones in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-19 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Janne V. Kujala , Víctor H. Cervantes

In this thesis, we explore the intersection of two fundamental subfields of quantum information theory: quantum coherence and contextuality. Despite their apparent differences, both areas address key issues relevant to the foundations and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Rafael Wagner

We consider four measures of contextuality, chosen for being based on the fundamental properties of the notion of contextuality, and for being applicable to arbitrary systems of measurements, both without and with disturbance. We have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-30 Victor H. Cervantes , Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

Exploring quantum phenomena beyond predictions of any classical model has fundamental importance to understand the boundary of classical and quantum descriptions of nature. As a typical property that a quantum system behaves distinctively…

Many protocols and tasks in quantum information science rely inherently on the fundamental notion of contextuality to provide advantages over their classical counterparts, and contextuality represents one of the main differences between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Carles Roch I Carceller , Jonatan Bohr Brask