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The ad-trading desks of media-buying agencies are increasingly relying on complex algorithms for purchasing advertising inventory. In particular, Real-Time Bidding (RTB) algorithms respond to many auctions -- usually Vickrey auctions --…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-06-20 Joaquin Fernandez-Tapia , Olivier Guéant , Jean-Michel Lasry

In the realm of online advertising, advertisers partake in ad auctions to obtain advertising slots, frequently taking advantage of auto-bidding tools provided by demand-side platforms. To improve the automation of these bidding systems, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Hao Jiang , Yongxiang Tang , Yanxiang Zeng , Pengjia Yuan , Yanhua Cheng , Teng Sha , Xialong Liu , Peng Jiang

Online Real-Time Bidding (RTB) is a complex auction game among which advertisers struggle to bid for ad impressions when a user request occurs. Considering display cost, Return on Investment (ROI), and other influential Key Performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Haolin Zhou , Chaoqi Yang , Xiaofeng Gao , Qiong Chen , Gongshen Liu , Guihai Chen

Online advertising banners are sold in real-time through auctions.Typically, the more banners a user is shown, the smaller the marginalvalue of the next banner for this user is. This fact can be detected bybasic ML models, that can be used…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Benjamin Heymann , Rémi Chan--Renous-Legoubin , Alexandre Gilotte

Display advertising is an important online advertising type where banner advertisements (shortly ad) on websites are usually measured by how many times they are viewed by online users. There are two major channels to sell ad views. They can…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-20 Bowei Chen

Real-time Bidding (RTB) advertisers wish to \textit{know in advance} the expected cost and yield of ad campaigns to avoid trial-and-error expenses. However, Campaign Performance Forecasting (CPF), a sequence modeling task involving tens of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-20 XiaoYu Wang , YongHui Guo , Hui Sheng , Peili Lv , Chi Zhou , Wei Huang , ShiQin Ta , Dongbo Huang , XiuJin Yang , Lan Xu , Hao Zhou , Yusheng Ji

With the rapid development of e-commerce, auto-bidding has become a key asset in optimizing advertising performance under diverse advertiser environments. The current approaches focus on reinforcement learning (RL) and generative models.…

Online advertising platforms use automated auctions to connect advertisers with potential customers, requiring effective bidding strategies to maximize profits. Accurate ad impact estimation requires considering three key factors: delayed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Yuwei Cheng , Zifeng Zhao , Haifeng Xu

To increase brand awareness, many advertisers conclude contracts with advertising platforms to purchase traffic and then deliver advertisements to target audiences. In a whole delivery period, advertisers usually desire a certain impression…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Penghui Wei , Yongqiang Chen , Shaoguo Liu , Liang Wang , Bo Zheng

Online advertising is progressively moving towards a programmatic model in which ads are matched to actual interests of individuals collected as they browse the web. Letting the huge debate around privacy aside, a very important question in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Panagiotis Papadopoulos , Nicolas Kourtellis , Pablo Rodriguez Rodriguez , Nikolaos Laoutaris

We study and formulate arbitrage in display advertising. Real-Time Bidding (RTB) mimics stock spot exchanges and utilises computers to algorithmically buy display ads per impression via a real-time auction. Despite the new automation, the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-15 Weinan Zhang , Jun Wang

The Real Time Bidding (RTB) protocol is by now more than a decade old. During this time, a handful of measurement papers have looked at bidding strategies, personal information flow, and cost of display advertising through RTB. In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Michalis Pachilakis , Panagiotis Papadopoulos , Nikolaos Laoutaris , Evangelos P. Markatos , Nicolas Kourtellis

In programmatic advertising, ad slots are usually sold using second-price (SP) auctions in real-time. The highest bidding advertiser wins but pays only the second-highest bid (known as the winning price). In SP, for a single item, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Aritra Ghosh , Saayan Mitra , Somdeb Sarkhel , Jason Xie , Gang Wu , Viswanathan Swaminathan

In online advertising markets, budget-constrained advertisers acquire ad placements through repeated bidding in auctions on various platforms. We present a strategy for bidding optimally in a set of auctions that may or may not be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Fransisca Susan , Negin Golrezaei , Okke Schrijvers

Online display advertising platforms service numerous advertisers by providing real-time bidding (RTB) for the scale of billions of ad requests every day. The bidding strategy handles ad requests cross multiple channels to maximize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Hao Wang , Bo Tang , Chi Harold Liu , Shangqin Mao , Jiahong Zhou , Zipeng Dai , Yaqi Sun , Qianlong Xie , Xingxing Wang , Dong Wang

Auto-bidding systems are widely used in advertising to automatically determine bid values under constraints such as total budget and Return-on-Spend (RoS) targets. Existing works often assume that the value of an ad impression, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jiale Han , Chun Gan , Chengcheng Zhang , Jie He , Zhangang Lin , Ching Law , Xiaowu Dai

Online display advertising is growing rapidly in recent years thanks to the automation of the ad buying process. Real-time bidding (RTB) allows the automated trading of ad impressions between advertisers and publishers through real-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Yang Qiu , Nikolaos Tziortziotis , Martial Hue , Michalis Vazirgiannis

We consider the problem of service placement at the network edge, in which a decision maker has to choose between $N$ services to host at the edge to satisfy the demands of customers. Our goal is to design adaptive algorithms to minimize…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Guojun Xiong , Rahul Singh , Jian Li

In online advertising, auto-bidding has become an essential tool for advertisers to optimize their preferred ad performance metrics by simply expressing high-level campaign objectives and constraints. Previous works designed auto-bidding…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Chao Wen , Miao Xu , Zhilin Zhang , Zhenzhe Zheng , Yuhui Wang , Xiangyu Liu , Yu Rong , Dong Xie , Xiaoyang Tan , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen , Xiaoqiang Zhu , Bo Zheng

Prior spending shutoff experiments in search advertising have found that paid ads cannibalize organic traffic. But it is unclear whether the same is true for other high volume advertising channels like mobile display advertising. We…

General Economics · Economics 2025-04-24 Harang Ju , Michael Zhao , Sinan Aral