Related papers: On arithmetic index in the generalized Thue-Morse …

We prove that for any two elements $A$, $B$ in a factor $M$, if $B$ commutes with all the unitary conjugates of $A$, then either $A$ or $B$ is in $\mathbb{C}I$. Then we obtain an equivalent condition for the situation that the $C$-numerical…

Motivated by a conjecture of Frid, Puzynina, and Zamboni, we investigate infinite words with the property that for infinitely many n, every length-n factor is a product of two palindromes. We show that every Sturmian word has this property,…

In this paper we compare two finite words $u$ and $v$ by the lexicographical order of the infinite words $u^\omega$ and $v^\omega$. Informally, we say that we compare $u$ and $v$ by the infinite order. We show several properties of Lyndon…

The exponent of a word is the ratio of its length over its smallest period. The repetitive threshold r(a) of an a-letter alphabet is the smallest rational number for which there exists an infinite word whose finite factors have exponent at…

We provide new upper bounds for sums of certain arithmetic functions in many variables at polynomial arguments and, exploiting recent progress on the mean-value of the Erd\H os-Hooley $\Delta$-function, we derive lower bounds for the…

An arithmetical structure on the complete graph $K_n$ with $n$ vertices is given by a collection of $n$ positive integers with no common factor each of which divides their sum. We show that, for all positive integers $c$ less than a certain…

Let $E$ be a complete uniform topological algebra with Arens-Michael normed factors $\left(E_{\alpha}\right)_{\alpha\in\Lambda}.$ Then $M\left(E\right) \cong \varprojlim M\left(E_{\alpha}\right)$ within an algebra isomorphism $\varphi$. If…

Given a countable set X (usually taken to be the natural numbers or integers), an infinite permutation, \pi, of X is a linear ordering of X. This paper investigates the combinatorial complexity of infinite permutations on the natural…

A factor $u$ of a word $w$ is a cover of $w$ if every position in $w$ lies within some occurrence of $u$ in $w$. A word $w$ covered by $u$ thus generalizes the idea of a repetition, that is, a word composed of exact concatenations of $u$.…

We show that the size $\gamma(t_n)$ of the smallest string attractor of the $n$th Thue-Morse word $t_n$ is 4 for any $n\geq 4$, disproving the conjecture by Mantaci et al. [ICTCS 2019] that it is $n$. We also show that $\delta(t_n) =…

The notion of dichotomous matrices is introduced as a natural generalization of essentially Hermitian matrices. A criterion for arrowhead matrices to be dichotomous is established, along with necessary and sufficient conditions for such…

Let $ x\geq 1 $ be a large number, let $ [x]=x-\{x\} $ be the largest integer function, and let $ \varphi(n)$ be the Euler totient function. The asymptotic formula for the new finite sum over the primes $ \sum_{p\leq…

Let $\mathbb F_q$ be the finite field with $q$ elements, $f, g\in \mathbb F_q[x]$ be polynomials of degree at least one. This paper deals with the asymptotic growth of certain arithmetic functions associated to the factorization of the…

The integer $d=\prod_{i=1}^s p_i^{b_i}$ is called an exponential divisor of $n=\prod_{i=1}^s p_i^{a_i}>1$ if $b_i \mid a_i$ for every $i\in \{1,2,...,s\}$. Let $\tau^{(e)}(n)$ denote the number of exponential divisors of $n$, where…

Let $c$ be a positive odd integer and $R$ a set of $n$ primes coprime with $c$. We consider equations $X + Y = c^z$ in three integer unknowns $X$, $Y$, $z$, where $z > 0$, $Y > X > 0$, and the primes dividing $XY$ are precisely those in…

Let X=(X^0,\mu,T) be an ergodic measure preserving system. For a natural number k we consider the averages (*) 1/N \sum_{n=1}^N \prod_{j=1}^k f_j(T^{n a_j}x) where the functions f_j are bounded, and a_j are integers. A factor of X is…

Let $\Omega(n)$ denote the number of prime factors of a positive integer $n$ counted with multiplicities. We show that for any bounded functions $a,b\colon\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{C}$, $$\frac{1}{\log{N}}\sum_{n=1}^N…

Borel and Reutenauer (2006) showed, \emph{inter alia}, that a word $w$ of length $n>1$ is conjugate to a Christoffel word if and only if for $k=0,1, \dots , n-1$, $w$ has $k+1$ distinct circular factors of length $k$. Sturmian words are the…

The relationship between the length of a word and the maximum length of its unbordered factors is investigated in this paper. Consider a finite word w of length n. We call a word bordered, if it has a proper prefix which is also a suffix of…

Let $k\geq 1$ be an integer. Let $\delta_k(n)$ denote the maximum divisor of $n$ which is co-prime to $k$. We study the error term of the general $m$-th Riesz mean of the arithmetical function $\delta_k(n)$ for any positive integer $m \ge…