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Pre-trained language models such as BERT have been proved to be powerful in many natural language processing tasks. But in some text classification applications such as emotion recognition and sentiment analysis, BERT may not lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zixiao Zhu , Kezhi Mao

Query Expansion using Pseudo Relevance Feedback is a useful and a popular technique for reformulating the query. In our proposed query expansion method, we assume that relevant information can be found within a document near the central…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-02-19 Rekha Vaidyanathan , Sujoy Das , Namita Srivastava

Query expansion is a technique widely used in image search consisting in combining highly ranked images from an original query into an expanded query that is then reissued, generally leading to increased recall and precision. An important…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Albert Gordo , Filip Radenovic , Tamara Berg

Recent works using artificial neural networks based on word distributed representation greatly boost the performance of various natural language learning tasks, especially question answering. Though, they also carry along with some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-23 Lingxun Meng , Yan Li , Mengyi Liu , Peng Shu

Modern information retrieval must reconcile short, ambiguous queries with increasingly diverse and dynamic corpora. Query expansion (QE) remains a core technique for mitigating vocabulary mismatch, but its design space has been reshaped by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Minghan Li , Xinxuan Lv , Junjie Zou , Tongna Chen , Chao Zhang , Suchao An , Ercong Nie , Guodong Zhou

User queries in e-commerce search are often vague, short, and underspecified, making it difficult for retrieval systems to match them accurately against structured product catalogs. This challenge is amplified by the one-to-many nature of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yipeng Zhang , Bowen Liu , Xiaoshuang Zhang , Aritra Mandal , Canran Xu , Zhe Wu

Query expansion with pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF) is a powerful approach to enhance the effectiveness in information retrieval. Recently, with the rapid advance of deep learning techniques, neural text generation has achieved promising…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Minghui Huang , Dong Wang , Shuang Liu , Meizhen Ding

As code search is a frequent developer activity in software development practices, improving the performance of code search is a critical task. In the text retrieval based search techniques employed in the code search, the term mismatch…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Liming Nie , He Jiang , Zhilei Ren , Zeyi Sun , Xiaochen Li

Word embeddings have been demonstrated to benefit NLP tasks impressively. Yet, there is room for improvement in the vector representations, because current word embeddings typically contain unnecessary information, i.e., noise. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-07 Kim Anh Nguyen , Sabine Schulte im Walde , Ngoc Thang Vu

Answer sentence selection is the task of identifying sentences that contain the answer to a given question. This is an important problem in its own right as well as in the larger context of open domain question answering. We propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-12-05 Lei Yu , Karl Moritz Hermann , Phil Blunsom , Stephen Pulman

Machine reading comprehension is a task to model relationship between passage and query. In terms of deep learning framework, most of state-of-the-art models simply concatenate word and character level representations, which has been shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Zhuosheng Zhang , Yafang Huang , Pengfei Zhu , Hai Zhao

Query-by-example search often uses dynamic time warping (DTW) for comparing queries and proposed matching segments. Recent work has shown that comparing speech segments by representing them as fixed-dimensional vectors --- acoustic word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Shane Settle , Keith Levin , Herman Kamper , Karen Livescu

Query expansion (QE) is a well-known technique used to enhance the effectiveness of information retrieval. QE reformulates the initial query by adding similar terms that help in retrieving more relevant results. Several approaches have been…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Hiteshwar Kumar Azad , Akshay Deepak

This work presents a new and simple approach for fine-tuning pretrained word embeddings for text classification tasks. In this approach, the class in which a term appears, acts as an additional contextual variable during the fine tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Amr Al-Khatib , Samhaa R. El-Beltagy

Good term selection is an important issue for an automatic query expansion (AQE) technique. AQE techniques that select expansion terms from the target corpus usually do so in one of two ways. Distribution based term selection compares the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-03-05 Dipasree Pal , Mandar Mitra , Kalyankumar Datta

Exploratory search aims to guide users through a corpus rather than pinpointing exact information. We propose an exploratory search system based on hierarchical clusters and document summaries using sentence embeddings. With sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Austin Silveria

The vocabulary mismatch problem is a long-standing problem in information retrieval. Semantic matching holds the promise of solving the problem. Recent advances in language technology have given rise to unsupervised neural models for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-11-11 Kezban Dilek Onal , Ismail Sengor Altingovde , Pinar Karagoz , Maarten de Rijke

Automatic text classification (TC) research can be used for real-world problems such as the classification of in-patient discharge summaries and medical text reports, which is beneficial to make medical documents more understandable to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-06 Ying Shen , Qiang Zhang , Jin Zhang , Jiyue Huang , Yuming Lu , Kai Lei

Word embeddings have gained significant attention as learnable representations of semantic relations between words, and have been shown to improve upon the results of traditional word representations. However, little effort has been devoted…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Gloria Feher , Andreas Spitz , Michael Gertz

Tables contain valuable knowledge in a structured form. We employ neural language modeling approaches to embed tabular data into vector spaces. Specifically, we consider different table elements, such caption, column headings, and cells,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Li Deng , Shuo Zhang , Krisztian Balog