Related papers: Derivation of the robustness from the concurrence
The achievement of quantum supremacy boosted the need for a robust medium of quantum information. In this task, higher-dimensional qudits show remarkable noise tolerance and enhanced security for quantum key distribution applications.…
Amount of entanglement carried by a quantum bipartite state is usually evaluated in terms of concurrence (see Ref. 1). We give a physical interpretation of concurrence that reveals a way of its direct measurement and discuss possible…
Numerous work had been done to quantify the entanglement of a two-qubit quantum state, but it can be seen that previous works were based on joint measurements on two copies or more than two copies of a quantum state under consideration. In…
The concurrence, a quantitative measure of the entanglement between a pair of particles, is determined for the case where the pair is extracted from a symmetric state of N two-level systems. Examples are given for both pure and mixed states…
The problem of the relationship between entanglement and two-qubit systems in which it is embedded is central to the quantum information theory. This paper suggests that the concurrence hierarchy as an entanglement measure provides an…
Maximally entangled mixed states are those states that, for a given mixedness, achieve the greatest possible entanglement. For two-qubit systems and for various combinations of entanglement and mixedness measures, the form of the…
We present a new approach to the analysis of entanglement in smooth bipartite continuous-variable states. One or both parties perform projective filterings via preliminary measurements to determine whether the system is located in some…
Experimental determination of entanglement is important not only to characterize the state and use it in quantum information, but also in understanding complicated phenomena such as phase transitions. In this paper we show that in many…
Quantum entanglement is a crucial resource in quantum information processing, advancing quantum technologies. The greater the uncertainty in subsystems' pure states, the stronger the quantum entanglement between them. From the dual form of…
We propose that the entanglement of mixed states is characterised properly in terms of a probability density function $\mathcal{P}_{\rho}(\mathcal{E})$. There is a need for such a measure since the prevalent measures (such as…
We study the ordering of two-qubit states with respect to the degree of bipartite entanglement using the Wootters concurrence -- a measure of the entanglement of formation, and the negativity -- a measure of the entanglement cost under the…
The robustness of entanglement results of Vidal and Tarrach considered the problem whereby an entangled state is mixed with a separable state so that the overall state becomes non-entangled. In general it is known that there are also cases…
We develop an original approach for the quantitative characterisation of the entanglement properties of, possibly mixed, bi- and multipartite quantum states of arbitrary finite dimension. Particular emphasis is given to the derivation of…
In this paper we consider a system consist of a qubit and a qutrit, and find a formula to evaluate the concurrence for it. We show that entanglement of formation for this system obeys the same relation as for two-qubits.
The robustness of multipartite entanglement of systems undergoing decoherence is of central importance to the area of quantum information. Its characterization depends however on the measure used to quantify entanglement and on how one…
We propose a directly measurable criterion for the entanglement of two qubits. We compare the criterion with other criteria, and we find that for pure states, and some mixed states, it coincides with the state's concurrency. The measure can…
In contrast to abstract statistical analyses in the literature, we present a concrete physical diagrammatic model of entanglement characterization and measure with its underlying discrete phase-space physics. This paper serves as a…
A simple relation is introduced for concurrence to describe how much the entanglement of bipartite system is at least left if either (or both) subsystem undergoes an arbitrary physical process. This provides a lower bound for concurrence of…
We propose an entanglement measure for two qudits based on the covariances of a set of generators of the su(N) algebra. In particular, we represent this measure in terms of the mutually unbiased projectors for N prime. For pure states this…
The entanglement content of superpositions of quantum states is investigated based on a measure called {\it concurrence}. Given a bipartite pure state in arbitrary dimension written as the quantum superposition of two other such states, we…