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Recent years have seen the Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) distribution come to the forefront as a powerful quasi-probability distribution for analysing quantum mechanics. The KD distribution allows tools from statistics and probability theory to be…

We implement the direct sampling of negative phase-space functions via unbalanced homodyne measurement using click-counting detectors. The negativities significantly certify nonclassical light in the high-loss regime using a small number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 M. Bohmann , J. Tiedau , T. Bartley , J. Sperling , C. Silberhorn , W. Vogel

We consider in what sense quantum tunnelling is associated with non-classical probabilistic behaviour. We use the Wigner function quasi-probability description of quantum states. We give a definition of tunnelling that allows us to say…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Yin Long Lin , Oscar C. O. Dahlsten

The origin of non-classical correlations is difficult to identify since the uncertainty principle requires that information obtained about one observable invariably results in the disturbance of any other non-commuting observable. Here,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-01 Holger F. Hofmann

Both classical and respectively quantum observables can be modeled as somewhat similar examples of random variables. In such a model the associated measurements preserve the values spectrum of an observable but change the corresponding…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-03-20 S. Dumitru , A. Boer

Quantum Darwinism is a compelling theory that describes the quantum-to classical transition as the emergence of objectivity of quantum systems. Spectrum broadcast structure and strong quantum Darwinism are two extensions of this theory with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-21 Thao P. Le , Alexandra Olaya-Castro

The question of when the Kirkwood-Dirac quasiprobability serves as the most appropriate description for quantum measurements has remained unresolved, particularly across different measurement strengths. While known to generate anomalous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Bo Zhang , Yusuf Turek

Measurement uncertainty and experimental error are important concepts taught in undergraduate physics laboratories. Although student ideas about error and uncertainty in introductory classical mechanics lab experiments have been studied…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-09-20 Emily M. Stump , Courtney L. White , Gina Passante , N. G. Holmes

We propose an operational quasiprobability function for qudits, enabling a comparison between quantum and hidden-variable theories. We show that the quasiprobability function becomes positive semidefinite if consecutive measurement results…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-26 Junghee Ryu , James Lim , Sunghyuk Hong , Jinhyoung Lee

We employ the operational quasiprobability (OQ) as a work distribution, which reproduces the Jarzynski equality and yields the average work consistent with the classical definition. The OQ distribution can be experimentally implemented…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Jeongwoo Jae , Junghee Ryu , Hoon Ryu

We derive a quantum extension of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation where dynamical fluctuations are quantified by the Terletsky-Margenau-Hill quasiprobability, a quantum generalization of the classical joint probability. The obtained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Kohei Yoshimura , Ryusuke Hamazaki

It is first shown that when the Schr\"{o}dinger equation for a wave function is written in the polar form, complete information about the system's {\em quantum-ness} is separated out in a single term $Q$, the so called `quantum potential'.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-09 Partha Ghose

Measurement incompatibility is a distinguishing property of quantum physics and an essential resource for many quantum information processing tasks. We introduce an approach to verify the joint measurability of measurements based on…

Kirkwood discovered in 1933, and Dirac discovered in 1945, a representation of quantum states that has undergone a renaissance recently. The Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) distribution has been employed to study nonclassicality across quantum physics,…

To unequivocally distinguish genuine quantumness from classicality, a widely adopted approach focuses on the negative values of a quasi-distribution representation as compelling evidence of nonclassicality. Prominent examples include the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 Hong-Bin Chen , Cheng-Hua Liu , Kuan-Lun Lai , Bor-Yann Tseng , Ping-Yuan Lo , Yueh-Nan Chen , Chi-Hua Yu

The recent crash demonstrated (once again) that the description of the financial market by present financial mathematics cannot be considered as totally satisfactory. We remind that nowadays financial mathematics is heavily based on the use…

General Physics · Physics 2009-02-12 Andrei Khrennikov

We construct a rigourous model of quantum measurement. A two-state model of a negative temperature amplifier, such as a laser, is taken to a classical thermodynamic limit. In the limit, it becomes a classical measurement apparatus obeying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Joseph F. Johnson

We use the exact calculation of the quantum mechanical, temporal characteristic function $\chi(\eta)$ and the degree of second-order coherence $g^{(2)}(\tau)$ for a single-mode, degenerate parametric amplifier for a system in the Gaussian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 Moorad Alexanian

We consider the statistics of time-integrated energy fluctuations of a driven bosonic resonator (as measured by a QND detector), using the standard Keldysh prescription to define higher moments. We find that due to an effective cascading of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-11-22 Aashish A. Clerk

The algebraic quantification of nonclassicality, which naturally arises from the quantum superposition principle, is related to properties of regular nonclassicality quasiprobabilities. The latter are obtained by non-Gaussian filtering of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-21 B. Kühn , W. Vogel