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Breakthrough direct detections of planetary companions orbiting A-type stars confirm the existence of massive planets at relatively large separations, but dedicated surveys are required to estimate the frequency of similar planetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 A. Vigan , J. Patience , C. Marois , M. Bonavita , R. J. De Rosa , B. Macintosh , I. Song , R. Doyon , B. Zuckerman , D. Lafrenière , T. Barman

With about 700 confirmed extrasolar planets, it is time to move beyond discovery and towards characterization. Perhaps the most basic parameter of an extrasolar planet is its mass; however, this is very difficult to determine if the planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Kevin Gullikson , Michael Endl

Radial velocity surveys find Jupiter mass planets with semi-major axes a less than 0.1 AU around ~1% of solar-type stars; counting planets with $a$ as large as 5 AU, the fraction of stars having planets reaches ~ 10% {Marcy,Butler}. An…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yanqin Wu , Norman W. Murray , J. Michael Ramsahai

A handful of planetary systems hosting a Hot Jupiter have been subsequently found to also host long-period giant planets. These ``cold Jupiters,'' giant planets residing beyond the snow line ($\sim$3\,au), play an important role in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-16 Adriana Errico , Robert A. Wittenmyer , Jonathan Horner , Brad Carter , Valeria López

Doppler surveys have shown that the occurrence rate of Jupiter-mass planets appears to increase as a function of stellar mass. However, this result depends on the ability to accurately measure the masses of evolved stars. Recently, Lloyd…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 John Asher Johnson , Timothy D. Morton , Jason T. Wright

The detection of planets around very low-mass stars with the radial velocity method is hampered by the fact that these stars are very faint at optical wavelengths where the most high-precision spectrometers operate. We investigate the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 A. Reiners , J. L. Bean , K. F. Huber , S. Dreizler , A. Seifahrt , S. Czesla

The discovery of planets orbiting at less than 1 au from their host star and less massive than Saturn in various exoplanetary systems revolutionized our theories of planetary formation. The fundamental question is whether these close-in…

Extrasolar planets abound in almost any possible configuration. However, until five years ago, there was a lack of planets orbiting closer than 0.5 au to giant or subgiant stars. Since then, recent detections have started to populated this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 J. Lillo-Box , D. Barrado , A. C. M. Correia

We report initial results from our long term search using precision radial velocities for planetary-mass companions located within a few AU of stars younger than the Sun. Based on a sample of >150 stars, we define a floor in the radial…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-18 Lynne Hillenbrand , Howard Isaacson , Geoffrey Marcy , Scott Barenfeld , Debra Fischer , Andrew Howard

The Kepler and K2 missions enabled robust calculations of planet occurrence rates around FGKM-type stars. However, these missions observed too few stars with earlier spectral types to tightly constrain the occurrence rates of planets…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-24 Steven Giacalone , Courtney D. Dressing

We conducted a Doppler survey at Keck combined with NIRC2 K-band AO imaging to search for massive, long-period companions to 123 known exoplanet systems with one or two planets detected using the radial velocity (RV) method. Our survey is…

Close-in planets are in jeopardy as their host stars evolve off the main sequence to the subgiant and red giant phases. In this paper, we explore the influences of the stellar mass (in the range 1.5--2\Mso ), mass-loss prescription, planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Eva Villaver , Mario Livio , Alexander J. Mustill , Lionel Siess

Direct imaging has led to the discovery of several giant planet and brown dwarf companions. These imaged companions populate a mass, separation and age domain (mass>1MJup, orbits>5AU, age<1Gyr) quite distinct from the one occupied by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-24 J. Lannier , P. Delorme , A. M. Lagrange , S. Borgniet , J. Rameau , J. E. Schlieder , J. Gagné , M. A. Bonavita , L. Malo , G. Chauvin , M. Bonnefoy , J. H. Girard

We search for signatures of planets in 43 intensively monitored microlensing events that were observed between 1995 and 1999. Planets would be expected to cause a short duration (~1 day) deviation on the smooth, symmetric light curve…

We review the observed properties of exoplanets found by the Doppler technique which has revealed 152 exoplanets to date. We focus on our ongoing 18-year survey of 1330 FGKM type stars at Lick, Keck, and the Anglo-Australian Telescopes…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 G. Marcy , R. P. Butler , D. A. Fischer , S. S. Vogt , J. T. Wright , C. G. Tinney , H. R. A. Jones

Wide-orbit ($>$10 AU) gas giant planets shape the architecture of planetary systems, yet their occurrence rate remains poorly constrained. JWST has obtained the deepest mid-infrared images of nearby stars to date through substantial MIRI…

The Anglo-Australian Planet Search has now accumulated 12 years of radial-velocity data with long-term instrumental precision better than 3 m/s. In this paper, we expand on earlier simulation work, to probe the frequency of near-circular,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Robert A. Wittenmyer , C. G. Tinney , Simon J. O'Toole , H. R. A. Jones , R. P. Butler , B. D. Carter , J. Bailey

Radial velocity surveys suggest that the Solar System may be unusual and that Jupiter-like planets have a frequency <20% around solar-type stars. However, they may be much more common in one of the closest associations in the solar…

Exoplanet searches have discovered a large number of 'hot Jupiters'--high-mass planets orbiting very close to their parent stars in nearly circular orbits. A number of these planets are sufficiently massive and close-in to be significantly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-14 Michael Zhang , Kaloyan Penev

Statistical analyses from exoplanet surveys around low-mass stars indicate that super-Earth and Neptune-mass planets are more frequent than gas giants around such stars, in agreement with core accretion theory of planet formation. Using…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-16 J. C. Morales , A. J. Mustill , I. Ribas , M. B. Davies , A. Reiners , F. F. Bauer , D. Kossakowski , E. Herrero , E. Rodríguez , M. J. López-González , C. Rodríguez-López , V. J. S. Béjar , L. González-Cuesta , R. Luque , E. Pallé , M. Perger , D. Baroch , A. Johansen , H. Klahr , C. Mordasini , G. Anglada-Escudé , J. A. Caballero , M. Cortés-Contreras , S. Dreizler , M. Lafarga , E. Nagel , V. M. Passegger , S. Reffert , A. Rosich , A. Schweitzer , L. Tal-Or , T. Trifonov , M. Zechmeister , A. Quirrenbach , P. J. Amado , E. W. Guenther , H. -J. Hagen , T. Henning , S. V. Jeffers , A. Kaminski , M. Kürster , D. Montes , W. Seifert , F. J. Abellán , M. Abril , J. Aceituno , F. J. Aceituno , F. J. Alonso-Floriano , M. Ammler-von Eiff , R. Antona , B. Arroyo-Torres , M. Azzaro , D. Barrado , S. Becerril-Jarque , D. Benítez , Z. M. Berdiñas , G. Bergond , M. Brinkmöller , C. del Burgo , R. Burn , R. Calvo-Ortega , J. Cano , M. C. Cárdenas , C. Cardona Guillén , J. Carro , E. Casal , V. Casanova , N. Casasayas-Barris , P. Chaturvedi , C. Cifuentes , A. Claret , J. Colomé , S. Czesla , E. Díez-Alonso , R. Dorda , A. Emsenhuber , M. Fernández , A. Fernández-Martín , I. M. Ferro , B. Fuhrmeister , D. Galadí-Enríquez , I. Gallardo Cava , M. L. García Vargas , A. Garcia-Piquer , L. Gesa , E. González-Álvarez , J. I. González Hernández , R. González-Peinado , J. Guàrdia , A. Guijarro , E. de Guindos , A. P. Hatzes , P. H. Hauschildt , R. P. Hedrosa , I. Hermelo , R. Hernández Arabi , F. Hernández Otero , D. Hintz , G. Holgado , A. Huber , P. Huke , E. N. Johnson , E. de Juan , M. Kehr , J. Kemmer , M. Kim , J. Klüter , A. Klutsch , F. Labarga , N. Labiche , S. Lalitha , M. Lampón , L. M. Lara , R. Launhardt , F. J. Lázaro , J. -L. Lizon , M. Llamas , N. Lodieu , M. López del Fresno , J. F. López Salas , J. López-Santiago , H. Magán Madinabeitia , U. Mall , L. Mancini , H. Mandel , E. Marfil , J. A. Marín Molina , E. L. Martín , P. Martín-Fernández , S. Martín-Ruiz , H. Martínez-Rodríguez , C. J. Marvin , E. Mirabet , A. Moya , V. Naranjo , R. P. Nelson , L. Nortmann , G. Nowak , A. Ofir , J. Pascual , A. Pavlov , S. Pedraz , D. Pérez Medialdea , A. Pérez-Calpena , M. A. C. Perryman , O. Rabaza , A. Ramón Ballesta , R. Rebolo , P. Redondo , H. -W. Rix , F. Rodler , A. Rodríguez Trinidad , S. Sabotta , S. Sadegi , M. Salz , E. Sánchez-Blanco , M. A. Sánchez Carrasco , A. Sánchez-López , J. Sanz-Forcada , P. Sarkis , L. F. Sarmiento , S. Schäfer , M. Schlecker , J. H. M. M. Schmitt , P. Schöfer , E. Solano , A. Sota , O. Stahl , S. Stock , T. Stuber , J. Stürmer , J. C. Suárez , H. M. Tabernero , S. M. Tulloch , G. Veredas , J. I. Vico-Linares , F. Vilardell , K. Wagner , J. Winkler , V. Wolthoff , F. Yan , M. R. Zapatero Osorio