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Recent work has shown potential in using Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) solvers to optimize certain aspects of neural networks (NNs). However the intriguing approach of training NNs with MIP solvers is under-explored.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Tómas Thorbjarnarson , Neil Yorke-Smith

Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) is one of the most widely used modeling techniques for combinatorial optimization problems. In many applications, a similar MIP model is solved on a regular basis, maintaining remarkable similarities in model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Jian-Ya Ding , Chao Zhang , Lei Shen , Shengyin Li , Bing Wang , Yinghui Xu , Le Song

Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) solvers rely on an array of sophisticated heuristics developed with decades of research to solve large-scale MIP instances encountered in practice. Machine learning offers to automatically construct better…

We consider the embedding of piecewise-linear deep neural networks (ReLU networks) as surrogate models in mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problems. A MILP formulation of ReLU networks has recently been applied by many authors to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-10 Bjarne Grimstad , Henrik Andersson

Machine learning components commonly appear in larger decision-making pipelines; however, the model training process typically focuses only on a loss that measures accuracy between predicted values and ground truth values. Decision-focused…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Aaron Ferber , Bryan Wilder , Bistra Dilkina , Milind Tambe

While Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is NP-hard in general, practical MILP has received roughly 100--fold speedup in the past twenty years. Still, many classes of MILPs quickly become unsolvable as their sizes increase, motivating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Ziang Chen , Jialin Liu , Xinshang Wang , Jianfeng Lu , Wotao Yin

This paper surveys the trend of leveraging machine learning to solve mixed integer programming (MIP) problems. Theoretically, MIP is an NP-hard problem, and most of the combinatorial optimization (CO) problems can be formulated as the MIP.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Jiayi Zhang , Chang Liu , Junchi Yan , Xijun Li , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan

Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) are essential tools for solving planning and scheduling problems across critical industries such as construction, manufacturing, and logistics. However, their widespread adoption is limited by long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xiaoke Wang , Batuhan Altundas , Zhaoxin Li , Aaron Zhao , Matthew Gombolay

In exchange for large quantities of data and processing power, deep neural networks have yielded models that provide state of the art predication capabilities in many fields. However, a lack of strong guarantees on their behaviour have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Haakon Robinson , Adil Rasheed , Omer San

In this paper, we explore model-based approach to training robust and interpretable binarized regression models for multiclass classification tasks using Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP). Our MIP model balances the optimization of prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Sanjana Tule , Nhi Ha Lan Le , Buser Say

Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) are highly flexible and powerful tools for modeling and solving complex real-world combinatorial optimization problems. Recently, machine learning (ML)-guided approaches have demonstrated significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Junyang Cai , Taoan Huang , Bistra Dilkina

We study the complexity of functions computable by deep feedforward neural networks with piecewise linear activations in terms of the symmetries and the number of linear regions that they have. Deep networks are able to sequentially map…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-06-10 Guido Montúfar , Razvan Pascanu , Kyunghyun Cho , Yoshua Bengio

Influence diagrams represent decision-making problems with interdependencies between random events, decisions, and consequences. Traditionally, they have been solved using algorithms that determine the expected utility-maximizing decision…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Topias Terho , Fabricio Oliveira , Ahti Salo , Pedro Munari

In the past decade, deep learning became the prevalent methodology for predictive modeling thanks to the remarkable accuracy of deep neural networks in tasks such as computer vision and natural language processing. Meanwhile, the structure…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Joey Huchette , Gonzalo Muñoz , Thiago Serra , Calvin Tsay

We propose a supervised learning framework for computing solutions of multi-parametric Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) that arise in Model Predictive Control. Our approach also quantifies sub-optimality for the computed solutions.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-24 Luigi Russo , Siddharth H. Nair , Luigi Glielmo , Francesco Borrelli

We present exact mixed-integer linear programming formulations for verifying the performance of first-order methods for parametric quadratic optimization. We formulate the verification problem as a mixed-integer linear program where the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-29 Vinit Ranjan , Jisun Park , Stefano Gualandi , Andrea Lodi , Bartolomeo Stellato

This paper addresses the problem of tightening the mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation for continuous piecewise linear (CPWL) approximations of data sets in arbitrary dimensions. The MILP formulation leverages the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-08 Quentin Ploussard , Xiang Li , Matija Pavičević

This paper deals with a distributed Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) set-up arising in several control applications. Agents of a network aim to minimize the sum of local linear cost functions subject to both individual constraints…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-12 Andrea Camisa , Ivano Notarnicola , Giuseppe Notarstefano

In computational design and fabrication, neural networks are becoming important surrogates for bulky forward simulations. A long-standing, intertwined question is that of inverse design: how to compute a design that satisfies a desired…

Graphics · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Navid Ansari , Hans-Peter Seidel , Vahid Babaei

The floor layout problem (FLP) tasks a designer with positioning a collection of rectangular boxes on a fixed floor in such a way that minimizes total communication costs between the components. While several mixed integer programming (MIP)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-04-12 Joey Huchette , Santanu S. Dey , Juan Pablo Vielma