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In two dimensions, Gallagher's theorem is a strengthening of the Littlewood conjecture that holds for almost all pairs of real numbers. We prove an inhomogeneous fibre version of Gallagher's theorem, sharpening and making unconditional a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-18 Sam Chow

This work has been motivated by recent papers that quantify the density of values of generic quadratic forms and other polynomials at integer points, in particular ones that use Rogers' second moment estimates. In this paper we establish…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-24 Dmitry Kleinbock , Mishel Skenderi

We consider a nonlocal functional equation that is a generalization of the mathematical model used in behavioral sciences. The equation is built upon an operator that introduces a convex combination and a nonlinear mixing of the function…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Josefa Caballero , Hanna Okrasińska-Płociniczak , Łukasz Płociniczak , Kishin Sadarangani

A general form of the Borel-Cantelli Lemma and its connection with the proof of Khintchine's Theorem on Diophantine approximation and the more general Khintchine-Groshev theorem are discussed. The torus geometry in the planar case allows a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-10-24 M. M. Dodson

A theorem of Hoischen states that given a positive continuous function $\varepsilon:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$, an integer $n\geq 0$, and a closed discrete set $E\subseteq\mathbb{R}$, any $C^n$ function $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ can be…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Maxim R. Burke

We prove an effective version of the Pila-Wilkie Theorem for sets definable using Pfaffian functions, providing effective estimates for the number of algebraic points of bounded height and degree lying on such sets. We also prove effective…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-25 Gal Binyamini , Gareth O. Jones , Harry Schmidt , Margaret E. M. Thomas

This paper deals with approximation of smooth convex functions $f$ on an interval by convex algebraic polynomials which interpolate $f$ at the endpoints of this interval. We call such estimates "interpolatory". One important corollary of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-04-21 K. A. Kopotun , D. Leviatan , I. Petrova , I. A. Shevchuk

Diophantine approximation explores how well irrational numbers can be approximated by rationals, with foundational results by Dirichlet, Hurwitz, and Liouville culminating in Roth's theorem. Schmidt's subspace theorem extends Roth's results…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-06 Shivani Goel , Rashi Lunia , Anwesh Ray

Let $F_{n}$ be the $n$-th Fibonacci number. Put $\varphi=\frac{1+\sqrt5}{2}$. We prove that the following inequalities hold for any real $\alpha$: 1) $\inf_{n \in \mathbb N} ||F_n\alpha||\le\frac{\varphi-1}{\varphi+2}$, 2) $\liminf_{n\to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-12-30 Victoria Zhuravleva

Classical Laguerre spectral approximations are highly effective on the half-line when the target function is smooth in the usual polynomial scale. However, their accuracy deteriorates for nonsmooth functions. Such behavior appears naturally…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Mahmoud A. Zaky

The Duffin-Schaeffer theorem is a well-known result from metric number theory, which generalises Khinchin's theorem from monotonic functions to a wider class of approximating functions. In recent years, there has been some interest in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Matthew Palmer

Comparison estimates are an important technical device in the study of regularity problems for quasilinear possibly degenerate elliptic and parabolic equations. Such tools have been employed indispensably in many papers of Mingione,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-05-24 Quoc-Hung Nguyen , Nguyen Cong Phuc

This paper presents a tractable algorithm for estimating an unknown Lipschitz function from noisy observations and establishes an upper bound on its convergence rate. The approach extends max-affine methods from convex shape-restricted…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-20 Gábor Balázs

We give a simple proof of Dorronsoro's theorem and use similar ideas to establish an equivalence for embeddings of vector fields.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-06-23 Dmitriy Stolyarov

The Duffin--Schaeffer Conjecture answers a question on how well one can approximate irrationals by rational numbers in reduced form (an imposed condition) where the accuracy of the approximation depends on the rational number. It can be…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-01 Andre P. Oliveira

It was already known that a p-adic, locally Lipschitz continuous semi-algebraic function is piecewise Lipschitz continuous, where the pieces can be taken semi-algebraic. We prove that if the function has locally Lipschitz constant 1, then…

Logic · Mathematics 2010-10-01 Raf Cluckers , Immanuel Halupczok

We suggest a new optimization technique for minimizing the sum $\sum_{i=1}^n f_i(x)$ of $n$ non-convex real functions that satisfy a property that we call piecewise log-Lipschitz. This is by forging links between techniques in computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Ibrahim Jubran , Dan Feldman

The classical McShane-Whitney extension theorem for Lipschitz functions is refined by showing that for a closed subset of the domain, it remains valid for any interval of the real line. This result is also extended to the setting of locally…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Valentin Gutev

Using results from theory of operators on a Hilbert space, we prove approximation results for matrix-valued holomorphic functions on the unit disc and the unit bidisc. The essential tools are the theory of unitary dilation of a contraction…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2023-06-27 Daniel Alpay , Tirthankar Bhattacharyya , Abhay Jindal , Poornendu Kumar

In this paper I consider the applications of several kinds of approximations of real functions to the problem of verified computation (reliable computing) of the range of implicitly defined real function $x_{n+1} = G(x_{1}, ..., x_{n}),$…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Nikolaj M. Glazunov