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Large volumes of spatiotemporal data, characterized by high spatial and temporal variability, may experience structural changes over time. Unlike traditional change-point problems, each sequence in this context consists of function-valued…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-12 Fengyi Song , Decai Liang , Changliang Zou

A characteristic feature of functional data is the presence of phase variability in addition to amplitude variability. Existing functional regression methods do not handle time variability in an explicit and efficient way. In this paper we…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-04-22 Daniel Gervini

This paper presents a new statistical method for clustering step data, a popular form of health record data easily obtained from wearable devices. Since step data are high-dimensional and zero-inflated, classical methods such as K-means and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-16 Wookyeong Song , Hee-Seok Oh , Yaeji Lim , Ying Kuen Cheung

Functional data, representing curves or trajectories, are ubiquitous in fields like biomedicine and motion analysis. A fundamental challenge is phase variability -- temporal misalignments that obscure underlying patterns and degrade model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Siyuan Jiang , Yihan Hu , Wenjie Li , Pengcheng Zeng

We introduce Adaptive Functional Principal Component Analysis, a novel method to capture directions of variation in functional data that exhibit sharp changes in smoothness. We first propose a new adaptive scatterplot smoothing technique…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-04 Angel Garcia de la Garza , Britton Sauerbrei , Adam Hantman , Jeff Goldsmith

The joint alignment of multivariate functional data plays an important role in various fields such as signal processing, neuroscience and medicine, including the statistical analysis of data from wearable devices. Traditional methods often…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-18 Vi Thanh Pham , Jonas Bille Nielsen , Klaus Fuglsang Kofoed , Jørgen Tobias Kühl , Andreas Kryger Jensen

Multivariate spatial-statistical models are often used when modeling environmental and socio-demographic processes. The most commonly used models for multivariate spatial covariances assume both stationarity and symmetry for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-11 Quan Vu , Andrew Zammit-Mangion , Noel Cressie

Functional data analysis deals with data recorded densely over time (or any other continuum) with one or more observed curves per subject. Conceptually, functional data are continuously defined, but in practice, they are usually observed at…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-20 Chengqian Xian , Camila de Souza , John Jewell , Ronaldo Dias

Multivariate functional data can be intrinsically multivariate like movement trajectories in 2D or complementary like precipitation, temperature, and wind speeds over time at a given weather station. We propose a multivariate functional…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-06 Alexander Volkmann , Almond Stöcker , Fabian Scheipl , Sonja Greven

Given two sets of functional data having a common underlying mean function but different degrees of distortion in time measurements, we provide a method of estimating the time transformation necessary to align (or `register') them. We prove…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-04-21 Dibyendu Bhaumik , Radhendushka Srivastava , Debasis Sengupta

Functional data often exhibit both amplitude and phase variation around a common base shape, with phase variation represented by a so called warping function. The process removing phase variation by curve alignment and inference of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-26 Eric Fu , Nancy Heckman

We present a new approach to factor rotation for functional data. This is achieved by rotating the functional principal components toward a predefined space of periodic functions designed to decompose the total variation into components…

Applications · Statistics 2012-07-02 Chong Liu , Surajit Ray , Giles Hooker , Mark Friedl

Classical multivariate principal component analysis has been extended to functional data and termed functional principal component analysis (FPCA). Most existing FPCA approaches do not accommodate covariate information, and it is the goal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-03-02 Ci-Ren Jiang , Jane-Ling Wang

We propose a model-based clustering algorithm for a general class of functional data for which the components could be curves or images. The random functional data realizations could be measured with error at discrete, and possibly random,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-14 Steven Golovkine , Nicolas Klutchnikoff , Valentin Patilea

Functional data analysis offers a diverse toolkit of statistical methods tailored for analyzing samples of real-valued random functions. Recently, samples of time-varying random objects, such as time-varying networks, have been increasingly…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-10 Jiazhen Xu , Andrew T. A. Wood , Tao Zou

Adapting machine learning models to medical time series across different domains remains a challenge due to complex temporal dependencies and dynamic distribution shifts. Current approaches often focus on isolated feature representations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 YongKyung Oh , Alex Bui

Existing approaches for multivariate functional principal component analysis are restricted to data on the same one-dimensional interval. The presented approach focuses on multivariate functional data on different domains that may differ in…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-10 C. Happ , S. Greven

Statistical approaches for Functional Data Analysis concern the paradigm for which the individuals are functions or curves rather than finite dimensional vectors. In this paper, we particularly focus on the modeling and the classification…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-12-30 Faicel Chamroukhi , Hervé Glotin

Real-world deployment of machine learning models is challenging because data evolves over time. While no model can work when data evolves in an arbitrary fashion, if there is some pattern to these changes, we might be able to design methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Rasool Fakoor , Jonas Mueller , Zachary C. Lipton , Pratik Chaudhari , Alexander J. Smola

We introduce directional regularity, a new definition of anisotropy for multivariate functional data. Instead of taking the conventional view, which determines anisotropy as a notion of smoothness along a dimension, directional regularity…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-05 Omar Kassi , Sunny G. W. Wang