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Speaker recognition deals with recognizing speakers by their speech. Most speaker recognition systems are built upon two stages, the first stage extracts low dimensional correlation embeddings from speech, and the second performs the…

Inducing semantic representations directly from speech signals is a highly challenging task but has many useful applications in speech mining and spoken language understanding. This study tackles the unsupervised learning of semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Jian Zhu , Zuoyu Tian , Yadong Liu , Cong Zhang , Chia-wen Lo

We present an unsupervised end-to-end training scheme where we discover discrete subword units from speech without using any labels. The discrete subword units are learned under an ASR-TTS autoencoder reconstruction setting, where an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Andy T. Liu , Po-chun Hsu , Hung-yi Lee

Discrete latent bottlenecks in variational autoencoders (VAEs) offer high bit efficiency and can be modeled with autoregressive discrete distributions, enabling parameter-efficient multimodal search with transformers. However, discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Michael Drolet , Firas Al-Hafez , Aditya Bhatt , Jan Peters , Oleg Arenz

Self-supervised audio representation learning offers an attractive alternative for obtaining generic audio embeddings, capable to be employed into various downstream tasks. Published approaches that consider both audio and words/tags…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Xavier Favory , Konstantinos Drossos , Tuomas Virtanen , Xavier Serra

Unsupervised disentangled representation learning from the unlabelled audio data, and high fidelity audio generation have become two linchpins in the machine learning research fields. However, the representation learned from an unsupervised…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-20 Kazi Nazmul Haque , Rajib Rana , Björn W Schuller

We describe our submitted system for the ZeroSpeech Challenge 2019. The current challenge theme addresses the difficulty of constructing a speech synthesizer without any text or phonetic labels and requires a system that can (1) discover…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Andros Tjandra , Berrak Sisman , Mingyang Zhang , Sakriani Sakti , Haizhou Li , Satoshi Nakamura

Acoustic-to-Word recognition provides a straightforward solution to end-to-end speech recognition without needing external decoding, language model re-scoring or lexicon. While character-based models offer a natural solution to the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-22 Shruti Palaskar , Florian Metze

Unsupervised discovery of acoustic tokens from audio corpora without annotation and learning vector representations for these tokens have been widely studied. Although these techniques have been shown successful in some applications such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Da-Rong Liu , Kuan-Yu Chen , Hung-Yi Lee , Lin-shan Lee

We revisit a self-supervised method that segments unlabelled speech into word-like segments. We start from the two-stage duration-penalised dynamic programming method that performs zero-resource segmentation without learning an explicit…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-01 Herman Kamper , Benjamin van Niekerk

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are well-established as a principled approach to probabilistic unsupervised learning with neural networks. Typically, an encoder network defines the parameters of a Gaussian distributed latent space from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Alan Jeffares , Liyuan Liu

Speech embeddings are fixed-size acoustic representations of variable-length speech sequences. They are increasingly used for a variety of tasks ranging from information retrieval to unsupervised term discovery and speech segmentation.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-09 Robin Algayres , Mohamed Salah Zaiem , Benoit Sagot , Emmanuel Dupoux

We propose spoken sentence embeddings which capture both acoustic and linguistic content. While existing works operate at the character, phoneme, or word level, our method learns long-term dependencies by modeling speech at the sentence…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Albert Haque , Michelle Guo , Prateek Verma , Li Fei-Fei

The Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful deep generative model that is now extensively used to represent high-dimensional complex data via a low-dimensional latent space learned in an unsupervised manner. In the original VAE model,…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Xiaoyu Bie , Laurent Girin , Simon Leglaive , Thomas Hueber , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

We look at the long-standing problem of segmenting unlabeled speech into word-like segments and clustering these into a lexicon. Several previous methods use a scoring model coupled with dynamic programming to find an optimal segmentation.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-14 Simon Malan , Benjamin van Niekerk , Herman Kamper

This study explores using embedding rank as an unsupervised evaluation metric for general-purpose speech encoders trained via self-supervised learning (SSL). Traditionally, assessing the performance of these encoders is resource-intensive…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 Zakaria Aldeneh , Vimal Thilak , Takuya Higuchi , Barry-John Theobald , Tatiana Likhomanenko

Cross-lingual word embeddings aim to capture common linguistic regularities of different languages, which benefit various downstream tasks ranging from machine translation to transfer learning. Recently, it has been shown that these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Pengcheng Yang , Fuli Luo , Shuangzhi Wu , Jingjing Xu , Dongdong Zhang , Xu Sun

In this paper, we are interested in unsupervised (unknown noise) audio-visual speech enhancement based on variational autoencoders (VAEs), where the probability distribution of clean speech spectra is simulated using an encoder-decoder…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-10 Mostafa Sadeghi , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

Classic variational autoencoders are used to learn complex data distributions, that are built on standard function approximators. Especially, VAE has shown promise on a lot of complex task. In this paper, a new autoencoder model -…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-13 Qiuyu Zhu , Ruixin Zhang

Attention-based recurrent neural encoder-decoder models present an elegant solution to the automatic speech recognition problem. This approach folds the acoustic model, pronunciation model, and language model into a single network and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-08 Shubham Toshniwal , Anjuli Kannan , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Yonghui Wu , Tara N Sainath , Karen Livescu