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Given a Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) code, it is sometimes necessary to modify the code by adding an arbitrary number of physical qubits and parity checks. Motivations may include concatenating codes, embedding low-density parity check…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Andrew C. Yuan

We propose schemes capable of measuring an arbitrary set of commutative logical Pauli operators in time independent of the number of operators. The only condition is commutativity, a fundamental requirement for simultaneous measurements in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Guo Zhang , Ying Li

A geometrically local quantum code is an error correcting code situated within $\mathbb{R}^D$, where the checks only act on qubits within a fixed spatial distance. The main question is: What is the optimal dimension and distance for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-04 Ting-Chun Lin , Adam Wills , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Spatially-coupled (SC) codes is a class of convolutional LDPC codes that has been well investigated in classical coding theory thanks to their high performance and compatibility with low-latency decoders. We describe toric codes as quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-09 Siyi Yang , Robert Calderbank

To achieve quantum fault tolerance with lower overhead, quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes have emerged as a promising alternative to topological codes such as the surface code, offering higher code rates. To support their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Mingyu Kang , Yingjia Lin , Hanwen Yao , Mert Gökduman , Arianna Meinking , Kenneth R. Brown

The realization of scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing is expected to hinge on quantum error-correcting codes. In the quest for more efficient quantum fault tolerance, a critical code parameter is the weight of measurements that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-21 Austin Yubo He , Zi-Wen Liu

We study properties of stabilizer codes that permit a local description on a regular D-dimensional lattice. Specifically, we assume that the stabilizer group of a code (the gauge group for subsystem codes) can be generated by local Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sergey Bravyi , Barbara Terhal

We study the encoding complexity for quantum error correcting codes with large rate and distance. We prove that random Clifford circuits with $O(n \log^2 n)$ gates can be used to encode $k$ qubits in $n$ qubits with a distance $d$ provided…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-31 Winton Brown , Omar Fawzi

We present a quantum LDPC code family that has distance $\Omega(N^{3/5}/\operatorname{polylog}(N))$ and $\tilde\Theta(N^{3/5})$ logical qubits. This is the first quantum LDPC code construction which achieves distance greater than $N^{1/2}…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Matthew B. Hastings , Jeongwan Haah , Ryan O'Donnell

Iterative decoders for finite length quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes are attractive because their hardware complexity scales only linearly with the number of physical qubits. However, they are impacted by short cycles,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Nithin Raveendran , Bane Vasić

We perform an extended numerical search for practical fermion-to-qubit encodings with error correcting properties. Ideally, encodings should strike a balance between a number of the seemingly incompatible attributes, such as having a high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-29 Fedor Simkovic , Martin Leib , Francisco Revson F. Pereira

The recent success in constructing asymptotically good quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes makes this family of codes a promising candidate for error-correcting schemes in quantum computing. However, conventional belief…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Sisi Miao , Alexander Schnerring , Haizheng Li , Laurent Schmalen

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes with asymptotically non-zero rates are prominent candidates for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation, primarily due to their syndrome-measurement circuit's low operational depth.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Asit Kumar Pradhan , Nithin Raveendran , Narayanan Rengaswamy , Bane Vasić

A new type of spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes motivated by practical storage applications is presented. SC-LDPCL codes (suffix 'L' stands for locality) can be decoded locally at the level of sub-blocks that are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Eshed Ram , Yuval Cassuto

Quantum code surgery is a flexible and low overhead technique for performing logical measurements on quantum error-correcting codes, which generalises lattice surgery. In this work, we present a code surgery scheme, applicable to any qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Alexander Cowtan , Zhiyang He , Dominic J. Williamson , Theodore J. Yoder

For every integer $r\geq 2$ and every $\epsilon>0$, we construct an explicit infinite family of quantum LDPC codes supporting a transversal $C^{r-1}Z$ gate with length $N$, dimension $K\geq N^{1-\epsilon}$, distance $D\geq…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-21 Louis Golowich , Ting-Chun Lin

Two methods for constructing quantum LDPC codes are presented. We explain how to overcome the difficulty of finding a set of low weight generators for the stabilizer group of the code. Both approaches are based on some graph representation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Camara , H. Ollivier , J. -P. Tillich

Quantum error correction (QEC) is critical for scalable and reliable quantum computing, but existing solutions, such as surface codes, incur significant qubit overhead. Quantum low-density parity check (qLDPC) codes have recently emerged as…

Post-selection strategies that discard low-confidence computational results can significantly improve the effective fidelity of quantum error correction at the cost of reduced acceptance rates, which can be particularly useful for offline…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Seok-Hyung Lee , Lucas H. English , Stephen D. Bartlett

We study classical and quantum LDPC codes of constant rate obtained by the lifted product construction over non-abelian groups. We show that the obtained families of quantum LDPC codes are asymptotically good, which proves the qLDPC…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Pavel Panteleev , Gleb Kalachev