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Causal discovery aims to extract qualitative causal knowledge in the form of causal graphs from data. Because causal ground truth is rarely known in the real world, simulated data plays a vital role in evaluating the performance of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Rebecca J. Herman , Jonas Wahl , Urmi Ninad , Jakob Runge

This paper proposes a supervised machine learning approach for predicting the root cause of a given bug report. Knowing the root cause of a bug can help developers in the debugging process - either directly or indirectly by choosing proper…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Thomas Hirsch , Birgit Hofer

Large language models have shown remarkable ability in serial code generation, but they still struggle with parallel code for which training data is comparatively scarce. A common remedy is to use coding agents that interact with external…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Gautam Singh , Arjun Guha , Bhavya Kailkhura , Harshitha Menon

Statistical matching is an effective method for estimating causal effects in which treated units are paired with control units with ``similar'' values of confounding covariates prior to performing estimation. In this way, matching helps…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-13 Sanjeewani Weerasingha , Michael J. Higgins

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in code generation and problem solving. Current approaches employ external tool-based iterative debuggers that use compiler or other tool-based runtime feedback to refine coarse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Md. Ashraful Islam , Mohammed Eunus Ali , Md Rizwan Parvez

Fine-tuning tabular foundation models (TFMs) under data scarcity is challenging, as early stopping on even scarcer validation data often fails to capture true generalization performance. We propose CausalMixFT, a method that enhances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Magnus Bühler , Lennart Purucker , Frank Hutter

Causal graphs are commonly used to understand and model complex systems. Researchers often construct these graphs from different perspectives, leading to significant variations for the same problem. Comparing causal graphs is, therefore,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Ning-Yuan Georgia Liu , Flower Yang , Mohammad S. Jalali

One of the most common solutions adopted by software researchers to address code generation is by training Large Language Models (LLMs) on massive amounts of source code. Although a number of studies have shown that LLMs have been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Daniel Rodriguez-Cardenas , David N. Palacio , Dipin Khati , Henry Burke , Denys Poshyvanyk

The source code of successful projects is evolving all the time, resulting in hundreds of thousands of code changes stored in source code repositories. This wealth of data can be useful, e.g., to find changes similar to a planned code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Luca Di Grazia , Paul Bredl , Michael Pradel

In this paper, a novel approach, Inforence, is proposed to isolate the suspicious codes that likely contain faults. Inforence employs a feature selection method, based on mutual information, to identify those bug-related statements that may…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Farid Feyzi , Saeed Parsa

Large language models (LLMs) and transformer-based architectures are increasingly utilized for source code analysis. As software systems grow in complexity, integrating LLMs into code analysis workflows becomes essential for enhancing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hamed Jelodar , Mohammad Meymani , Roozbeh Razavi-Far

Context: Software metrics, as one form of static analyses, is a commonly used approach in software engineering in order to understand the state of a software system, in particular to identify potential areas prone to defects. Family-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Sascha El-Sharkawy , Adam Krafczyk , Klaus Schmid

Cumulative probability models (CPMs) are a robust alternative to linear models for continuous outcomes. However, they are not feasible for very large datasets due to elevated running time and memory usage, which depend on the sample size,…

Computation · Statistics 2022-07-15 Chun Li , Guo Chen , Bryan E. Shepherd

A source code difference (diff) indicates changes made by comparing new and old source codes, and it can be utilized in code reviews to help developers understand the changes made to the code. Although many diff generation methods have been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Tsukasa Yagi , Shinpei Hayashi

Large language models (LLMs) often make reasoning errors when solving mathematical problems, and how to automatically detect and correct these errors has become an important research direction. However, existing approaches \textit{mainly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Biaojie Zeng , Min Zhang , Juan Zhou , Fengrui Liu , Ruiyang Huang , Xin Lin

Genomic data sets are growing dramatically as the cost of sequencing continues to decline and small sequencing devices become available. Enormous community databases store and share this data with the research community, but some of these…

Causal discovery aims to learn causal relationships between variables from targeted data, making it a fundamental task in machine learning. However, causal discovery algorithms often rely on unverifiable causal assumptions, which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Huiyang Yi , Yanyan He , Duxin Chen , Mingyu Kang , He Wang , Wenwu Yu

Semantic clone detection is the process of finding program elements with similar or equal runtime behavior. For example, detecting the semantic equality between the recursive and iterative implementation of the factorial computation.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Hannes Thaller , Lukas Linsbauer , Alexander Egyed

A typical problem in causal modeling is the instability of model structure learning, i.e., small changes in finite data can result in completely different optimal models. The present work introduces a novel causal modeling algorithm for…

Causal Inference offers a fundamental approach for advancing empirical software engineering (ESE) beyond traditional statistical association, enabling researchers to rigorously identify and quantify causal relationships in software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Daniel Rodriguez-Cardenas , Aya Garryyeva , David Nader Palacio , Antonio Mastropaolo , Denys Poshyvanyk