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AI-generated text detectors have become essential tools for maintaining content authenticity, yet their robustness against evasion attacks remains questionable. We present PDFuzz, a novel attack that exploits the discrepancy between visual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Aldan Creo

The continuous increase in malware samples, both in sophistication and number, presents many challenges for organizations and analysts, who must cope with thousands of new heterogeneous samples daily. This requires robust methods to quickly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Theodoros Apostolopoulos , Vasilios Koutsokostas , Nikolaos Totosis , Constantinos Patsakis , Georgios Smaragdakis

In security-sensitive applications, the success of machine learning depends on a thorough vetting of their resistance to adversarial data. In one pertinent, well-motivated attack scenario, an adversary may attempt to evade a deployed system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Battista Biggio , Igino Corona , Davide Maiorca , Blaine Nelson , Nedim Srndic , Pavel Laskov , Giorgio Giacinto , Fabio Roli

The continued evolution and diversity of malware constitutes a major threat in modern systems. It is well proven that security defenses currently available are ineffective to mitigate the skills and imagination of cyber-criminals…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Irina Baptista , Stavros Shiaeles , Nicholas Kolokotronis

With the increasingly rapid development of new malicious computer software by bad faith actors, both commercial and research-oriented antivirus detectors have come to make greater use of machine learning tactics to identify such malware as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Hamish Spencer , Wei Wang , Ruoxi Sun , Minhui Xue

Numerous open-source and commercial malware detectors are available. However, their efficacy is threatened by new adversarial attacks, whereby malware attempts to evade detection, e.g., by performing feature-space manipulation. In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Ruoxi Sun , Minhui Xue , Gareth Tyson , Tian Dong , Shaofeng Li , Shuo Wang , Haojin Zhu , Seyit Camtepe , Surya Nepal

Organizations publish and share more and more electronic documents like PDF files. Unfortunately, most organizations are unaware that these documents can compromise sensitive information like authors names, details on the information system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Supriya Adhatarao , Cédric Lauradoux

Under ideal conditions, the probability density function (PDF) of a random variable, such as a sensor measurement, would be well known and amenable to computation and communication tasks. However, this is often not the case, so the user…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-29 Shane Lubold , Clark N. Taylor

Malicious email attachments are a growing delivery vector for malware. While machine learning has been successfully applied to portable executable (PE) malware detection, we ask, can we extend similar approaches to detect malware across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Ethan M. Rudd , Richard Harang , Joshua Saxe

Converting malware into images followed by vision-based deep learning algorithms has shown superior threat detection efficacy compared with classical machine learning algorithms. When malware are visualized as images, visual-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-02 Li Chen , Carter Yagemann , Evan Downing

Malware detection and classification remains a topic of concern for cybersecurity, since it is becoming common for attackers to use advanced obfuscation on their malware to stay undetected. Conventional static analysis is not effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Md Shahnawaz , Bishwajit Prasad Gond , Durga Prasad Mohapatra

Evasion techniques allow malicious code to never be observed. This impacts significantly the detection capabilities of tools that rely on either dynamic or static analysis, as they never get to process the malicious code. The dynamic nature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Nikolaos Pantelaios , Alexandros Kapravelos

Static malware analysis is well-suited to endpoint anti-virus systems as it can be conducted quickly by examining the features of an executable piece of code and matching it to previously observed malicious code. However, static code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Matilda Rhode , Pete Burnap , Kevin Jones

In today's legal environment, lawsuits and regulatory investigations require companies to embark upon increasingly intensive data-focused engagements to identify, collect and analyze large quantities of data. When documents are staged for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Rishi Chhatwal , Peter Gronvall , Nathaniel Huber-Fliflet , Robert Keeling , Jianping Zhang , Haozhen Zhao

The increasingly sophisticated environment in which attackers operate makes software security an even greater challenge in open-source projects, where malicious packages are prevalent. Static analysis tools, such as Malcontent, are highly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Duc-Ly Vu , Thanh-Cong Nguyen , Minh-Khanh Vu , Ngoc-Thanh Nguyen , Kim-Anh Do Thi

As the Portable Document Format (PDF) file format increases in popularity, research in analysing its structure for text extraction and analysis is necessary. Detecting headings can be a crucial component of classifying and extracting…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Sahib Singh Budhiraja , Vijay Mago

The web is experiencing an explosive growth in the last years. New technologies are introduced at a very fast-pace with the aim of narrowing the gap between web-based applications and traditional desktop applications. The results are web…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-07-14 Alfredo De Santis , Giancarlo De Maio , Umberto Ferraro Petrillo

In recent years, as electronic files include personal records and business activities, these files can be used as important evidences in a digital forensic investigation process. In general, the data that can be verified using its own…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Hyunji Chung , Jungheum Park , Sangjin Lee

Malicious web content is a serious problem on the Internet today. In this paper we propose a deep learning approach to detecting malevolent web pages. While past work on web content detection has relied on syntactic parsing or on emulation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Joshua Saxe , Richard Harang , Cody Wild , Hillary Sanders

The JavaScript programming language, which began as a simple scripting language for the Web, has become ubiquitous, spanning desktop, mobile, and server applications. This increase in usage has made JavaScript an attractive target for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-29 José Miguel Moreno , Narseo Vallina-Rodriguez , Juan Tapiador