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Quantum cryptography is an emerging technology in which two parties may simultaneously generate shared, secret cryptographic key material using the transmission of quantum states of light. The security of these transmissions is based on the…

Improvement in secure transmission of information is an urgent practical need for governments, corporations and individuals. Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises security based on the laws of physics and has rapidly grown from…

We developed a one-way quantum key distribution (QKD) system based upon a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) interferometer. This interferometer is expected to be free from the backscattering inherent in commercially available two-way QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yoshihiro Nambu , Ken'ichiro Yoshino , Akihisa Tomita

We report the first Quantum key distribution (QKD) experiment over a 72 dB channel loss using superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SSPD, SNSPD) with the dark count rate (DCR) of 0.01 cps. The DCR of the SSPD, which is dominated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 Hiroyuki Shibata , Toshimori Honjo , Kaoru Shimizu

We report on the first real-time implementation of a quantum key distribution (QKD) system using entangled photon pairs that are sent over two free-space optical telescope links. The entangled photon pairs are produced with a type-II…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-25 C. Erven , C. Couteau , R. Laflamme , G. Weihs

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols enable two distant parties to communicate with information-theoretically proven secrecy. However, these protocols are generally vulnerable to potential mismatches between the physical modeling and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Corentin Lanore , Xavier Valcarce , Jean Etesse , Anthony Martin , Jean-Daniel Bancal

Existing microgrid communication relies on classical public key systems, which are vulnerable to attacks from quantum computers. This paper uses quantum key distribution (QKD) to solve these quantum-era microgrid challenges. Specifically,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Zefan Tang , Yanyuan Qin , Zimin Jiang , Walter O. Krawec , Peng Zhang

In the present work, we report experimental realization of an optical fiber based COW protocol for QKD in the telecom wavelength (1550 nm) where the attenuation in the optical fiber is minimum. A laser of 1550 nm wavelength, attenuator and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-15 Priya Malpani , Satish Kumar , Anirban Pathak

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) offers a promising approach to enhance secret key rates beyond conventional binary-encoded QKD, addressing the growing demand for secure data transmission. However, the practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Yang Zhou , Xing-Yu Zhou , Shu-Fan Wu , Qiang Zeng , Zhi-Liang Yuan , Qin Wang

In this paper we present a novel analysis of the feasibility of quantum key distribution between a LEO satellite and a ground station. First of all, we study signal propagation through a turbulent atmosphere for uplinks and downlinks,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Cristian Bonato , Andrea Tomaello , Vania Da Deppo , Giampiero Naletto , Paolo Villoresi

The performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) is severely limited by multi-photon pulses emitted by laser sources due to the photon-number splitting attack. Coherent-one-way (COW) QKD has been introduced as a promising solution to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-06 Javier González-Payo , Róbert Trényi , Weilong Wang , Marcos Curty

Around forty years have passed since the first pioneering works have introduced the possibility of using quantum physics to strongly enhance communications safety. Nowadays Quantum Cryptography, and in particular, Quantum Key Distribution…

To implement the BB84 decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol over a lossy ground-satellite quantum uplink requires a source that has high repetition rate of short laser pulses, long term stability, and no phase correlations…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers unconditional information security by allowing two distant users to establish a common encryption key resilient to hacking. Resultingly, QKD networks interconnecting critical infrastructure and enabling…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a promising technology aiming at solving the security problem arising from the advent of quantum computers. While the main theoretical aspects are well developed today, limited performances, in terms of…

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocols attempt to establish a shared secret key between users, secure against computationally unbounded adversaries. Unlike standard quantum key distribution protocols, SQKD protocols contain at least…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-22 Saachi Mutreja , Walter O. Krawec

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises information-theoretically secure communication, and is already on the verge of commercialization. Thus far, different QKD protocols have been proposed theoretically and implemented experimentally [1,…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information-theoretic security guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics, making it resistant to future computational threats, including quantum computers. While QKD technology shows great promise,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 Si Qi Ng , Florian Kanitschar , Gong Zhang , Chao Wang

Integration of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) in existing telecommunication infrastructure is crucial for the widespread adoption of this quantum technology, which offers the distillation of unconditionally secure keys between users. In…