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Building on the fundamental equation, this study revisits key thermodynamic concepts in a cohesive and innovative manner. It demonstrates the consistency of thermodynamic theory while addressing and clarifying common misconceptions and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-04 Joaquim Anacleto

Desirable system performance in the face of threats and disruptions has been characterized by various management concepts. Through semi-structured interviews with editors of journals in the fields of emergency response and systems…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-08-25 Stephanie Galaitsi , Benjamin D. Trump , Jeffrey M. Keisler , Igor Linkov

Artificial intelligence (AI) in its various forms finds more and more its way into complex distributed systems. For instance, it is used locally, as part of a sensor system, on the edge for low-latency high-performance inference, or in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Hans-Martin Heyn , Eric Knauss , Patrizio Pelliccione

We propose a theory for modeling concepts that uses the state-context-property theory (SCOP), a generalization of the quantum formalism, whose basic notions are states, contexts and properties. This theory enables us to incorporate context…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-16 Diederik Aerts , Liane Gabora

Software engineering concepts and processes are worthy of formal study; and yet we seldom formalize them. This "research ideas" article explores what a theory of software engineering could and should look like. Software engineering research…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Bertrand Meyer

Let $\mathcal{L}$ be a first-order two-sorted language. Let $S$ be some fixed structure. A standard structure is an $\mathcal{L}$-structure of the form $(M,S)$, where $M$ is arbitrary. When $S$ is a compact topological space (and…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Domenico Zambella

According to the World Economic Forum, cyber attacks are considered as one of the most important sources of risk to companies and institutions worldwide. Attacks can target the network, software, and/or hardware. During the past years, much…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Tara Ghasempouri , Jaan Raik , Cezar Reinbrecht , Said Hamdioui , Mottaqiallah Taouil

Context: Stack Overflow (SO) has won the intention from software engineers (e.g., architects) to learn, practice, and utilize development knowledge, such as Architectural Knowledge (AK). But little is known about AK communicated in SO,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Musengamana Jean de Dieu , Peng Liang , Mojtaba Shahin , Arif Ali Khan

This work is meant to be a step towards the formal definition of the notion of algorithm, in the sense of an equivalence class of programs working "in a similar way". But instead of defining equivalence transformations directly on programs,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Fritz Müller

Due to their versatility, concept maps are used in various educational settings and serve as tools that enable educators to comprehend students' knowledge construction. An essential component for analyzing a concept map is its structure,…

Context: The systems comprising a system of systems (SoS) are inde- pendently acquired, operated, and managed. Frequently, the architecture documentation of these existing systems addresses only a stand-alone perspective, and must be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-01-23 John Klein , Hans van Vliet

A modeling formalism is proposed for the description and study of living and life-like systems. It provides an abstract conceptual model framework for real life and evolution of biological organisms. It is proposed, that this model…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-06-14 Margareta Segerståhl

Defining process standards by integrating, harmonizing, and standardizing heterogeneous and often implicit processes is an important task, especially for large development organizations. However, many challenges exist, such as limiting the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-02-03 Ove Armbrust , Masafumi Katahira , Yuko Miyamoto , Jürgen Münch , Haruka Nakao , Alexis Ocampo

A qualitatively new, much more liberal and efficient organisation of science is proposed and justified, in connection with growing debate about further role and development of fundamental science. Although the key ideas can be explained…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei P. Kirilyuk

In the international standard for system and software engineering ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288: 2015, the output of the stakeholder needs and the business or mission analysis technical processes are transformed into a technical view of the system by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Siyuan Ji , Charles E. Dickerson , Michael Wilkinson

We provide a novel notion of what it means to be interpretable, looking past the usual association with human understanding. Our key insight is that interpretability is not an absolute concept and so we define it relative to a target model,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Amit Dhurandhar , Vijay Iyengar , Ronny Luss , Karthikeyan Shanmugam

This paper is to build a primitive framework for a new possible extended system of real mathematical analysis - the Isomorphic Mathematical Analysis System (IMAS). It is based on some new concepts: e.g. isomorphic frame,…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Yuan Liu

The purpose of this short paper is to identify the mathematical essence of the superiorization methodology. This methodology has been developed in recent years while attempting to solve specific application-oriented problems. Consequently,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-20 Gabor T. Herman

Although the notion of a concept as a collection of objects sharing certain properties, and the notion of a conceptual hierarchy are fundamental to both Formal Concept Analysis and Description Logics, the ways concepts are described and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-07-15 Baris Sertkaya

Conceptual Scaling is a useful standard tool in Formal Concept Analysis and beyond. Its mathematical theory, as elaborated in the last chapter of the FCA monograph, still has room for improvement. As it stands, even some of the basic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Bernhard Ganter , Tom Hanika , Johannes Hirth