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The utilization of deep learning techniques in generating various contents (such as image, text, etc.) has become a trend. Especially music, the topic of this paper, has attracted widespread attention of countless researchers.The whole…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Shulei Ji , Jing Luo , Xinyu Yang

Music generation has generally been focused on either creating scores or interpreting them. We discuss differences between these two problems and propose that, in fact, it may be valuable to work in the space of direct $\it performance$…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Sageev Oore , Ian Simon , Sander Dieleman , Douglas Eck , Karen Simonyan

Motivated by the state-of-art psychological research, we note that a piano performance transcribed with existing Automatic Music Transcription (AMT) methods cannot be successfully resynthesized without affecting the artistic content of the…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Federico Simonetta , Stavros Ntalampiras , Federico Avanzini

Autoregressive models are now capable of generating high-quality minute-long expressive MIDI piano performances. Even though this progress suggests new tools to assist music composition, we observe that generative algorithms are still not…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Gaëtan Hadjeres , Léopold Crestel

In this paper, we propose a recurrent neural network (RNN)-based MIDI music composition machine that is able to learn musical knowledge from existing Beatles' songs and generate music in the style of the Beatles with little human…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-12-19 Yichao Zhou , Wei Chu , Sam Young , Xin Chen

A big challenge in algorithmic composition is to devise a model that is both easily trainable and able to reproduce the long-range temporal dependencies typical of music. Here we investigate how artificial neural networks can be trained on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-24 Florian Colombo , Samuel P. Muscinelli , Alexander Seeholzer , Johanni Brea , Wulfram Gerstner

This paper aims to develop a comprehensive physical model and numerical simulation schemes for a grand piano. The model encompasses various subsystems, including hammer felt, hammer shank, string, soundboard, air and room barriers, each…

Classical Physics · Physics 2024-09-24 Haifan Xie

In this study, we train deep neural networks to classify composer on a symbolic domain. The model takes a two-channel two-dimensional input, i.e., onset and note activations of time-pitch representation, which is converted from MIDI…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Sunghyeon Kim , Hyeyoon Lee , Sunjong Park , Jinho Lee , Keunwoo Choi

Machine-learning techniques have been recently used with spectacular results to generate artefacts such as music or text. However, these techniques are still unable to capture and generate artefacts that are convincingly structured. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Pierre Roy , Alexandre Papadopoulos , François Pachet

Representing symbolic music with compound tokens, where each token consists of several different sub-tokens representing a distinct musical feature or attribute, offers the advantage of reducing sequence length. While previous research has…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-17 HaeJun Yoo , Hao-Wen Dong , Jongmin Jung , Dasaem Jeong

With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), AI-driven music generation has become a vibrant and fruitful area of research. However, the representation of musical data remains a significant challenge. To address this, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Cheng-Yang Tsai , Tzu-Wei Huang , Shao-Yu Wei , Guan-Wei Chen , Hung-Ying Chu , Yu-Cheng Lin

One of the challenging problems in Music Information Retrieval is the acquisition of enough non-copyrighted audio recordings for model training and evaluation. This study compares two Transformer-based neural network models for chord…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Martyna Majchrzak , Jacek Mańdziuk

Music generation introduces challenging complexities to large language models. Symbolic structures of music often include vertical harmonization as well as horizontal counterpoint, urging various adaptations and enhancements for large-scale…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Seungyeon Rhyu , Kichang Yang , Sungjun Cho , Jaehyeon Kim , Kyogu Lee , Moontae Lee

In an attempt at exploring the limitations of simple approaches to the task of piano transcription (as usually defined in MIR), we conduct an in-depth analysis of neural network-based framewise transcription. We systematically compare…

The representation of basic elements of music in terms of discrete audio signals is often used in software for musical creation and design. Nevertheless, there is no unified approach that relates these elements to the discrete samples of…

Recent advances in music generation produce impressive samples, however, practical creation still lacks two key capabilities: composer-style structural editing and minute-scale coherence. We present MusicWeaver, a framework for generating…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Xuanchen Wang , Heng Wang , Weidong Cai

In this paper, we explore the tokenized representation of musical scores using the Transformer model to automatically generate musical scores. Thus far, sequence models have yielded fruitful results with note-level (MIDI-equivalent)…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Masahiro Suzuki

We introduce VampNet, a masked acoustic token modeling approach to music synthesis, compression, inpainting, and variation. We use a variable masking schedule during training which allows us to sample coherent music from the model by…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Hugo Flores Garcia , Prem Seetharaman , Rithesh Kumar , Bryan Pardo

Recent neural waveform synthesizers such as WaveNet, WaveGlow, and the neural-source-filter (NSF) model have shown good performance in speech synthesis despite their different methods of waveform generation. The similarity between speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-20 Yi Zhao , Xin Wang , Lauri Juvela , Junichi Yamagishi

Dance-driven music generation aims to generate musical pieces conditioned on dance videos. Previous works focus on monophonic or raw audio generation, while the multi-instruments scenario is under-explored. The challenges associated with…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Bo Han , Yuheng Li , Yixuan Shen , Yi Ren , Feilin Han