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Ergodic isolated quantum many-body systems satisfy the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), i.e., the expectation values of local observables in the system's eigenstates approach the predictions of the microcanonical ensemble.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-11-25 Adith Sai Aramthottil , Ali Emami Kopaei , Piotr Sierant , Lev Vidmar , Jakub Zakrzewski

A class of autonomous quantum heat baths satisfying the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) criteria is proposed. We show that such systems are expected to cause thermal relaxation of much smaller quantum systems coupled to one of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-10 O. Fialko

Eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) represents a breakthrough in many-body physics since it allows to link thermalization of physical observables with the applicability of random matrix theory (RMT). Recent years were also extremely…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-08-06 Maksymilian Kliczkowski , Rafał Świętek , Miroslav Hopjan , Lev Vidmar

We use exact diagonalization to study the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in the quantum dimer model on the square and triangular lattices. Due to the nonergodicity of the local plaquette-flip dynamics, the Hilbert space, which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-09-25 Zhihao Lan , Stephen Powell

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is a successful theory that establishes the criteria for ergodicity and thermalization in isolated quantum many-body systems. In this work, we investigate the thermalization properties of…

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) has been highly influential in explaining thermodynamic behavior of closed quantum systems. As of yet, it is unclear whether and how the ETH applies to non-Hermitian systems. Here, we introduce…

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) has played a major role in understanding thermodynamic phenomena in closed quantum systems. However, its connection to the timescale of thermalization for open system dynamics has remained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-30 Chi-Fang Chen , Fernando G. S. L. Brandão

We study the validity of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) and its role for the occurrence of initial-state independent (ISI) equilibration in closed quantum many-body systems. Using the concept of dynamical typicality, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Abdellah Khodja , Robin Steinigeweg , Jochen Gemmer

Boltzmann's ergodic hypothesis furnishes a possible explanation for the emergence of statistical mechanics in the framework of classical physics. In quantum mechanics, the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) is instead generally…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-04-08 Lorenzo Campos Venuti , Lawrence Liu

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis explains thermalization in isolated quantum systems through the statistical properties of observables in the energy eigenbasis. We investigate the crossover from integrability to chaos in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Shivam Mishra , C Jisha , Ravi Prakash

Eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is discussed. We show that one common formulation of ETH does not necessarily imply thermalization of an observable of isolated many body quantum system. To get thermalization one has to postulate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-02-06 Oleg Inozemcev , Igor Volovich

In an isolated quantum many-body system undergoing unitary evolution, we study the thermalization of a subsystem, treating the rest of the system as a bath. In this setting, the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) was proposed to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-30 Aram W. Harrow , Yichen Huang

We investigate the extent to which the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis~(ETH) is valid or violated in the non-integrable and the integrable spin-$1/2$ XXZ chain. We perform the energy-resolved analysis of the statistical properties of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-02-03 Jae Dong Noh

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) describes the properties of diagonal and off-diagonal matrix elements of local operators in the eigenenergy basis. In this work, we propose a relation between (i) the singular behaviour of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Luca Capizzi , Jiaozi Wang , Xiansong Xu , Leonardo Mazza , Dario Poletti

We investigate the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in integrable models, focusing on the spin-1/2 isotropic Heisenberg (XXX) chain. We provide numerical evidence that ETH holds for typical eigenstates (weak ETH scenario).…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-04-22 Vincenzo Alba

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) attempts to bridge the gap between quantum mechanical and statistical mechanical descriptions of isolated quantum systems. Here, we define unbiased measures for how well the ETH works in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-05-04 Pavan Hosur , Xiao-Liang Qi

We prove the Eigenstate Thermalisation Hypothesis (ETH) for local observables in a typical translation invariant system of quantum spins with mean field interaction. This mathematically verifies the observation made in [L.Santos and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-12-22 Shoki Sugimoto , Joscha Henheik , Volodymyr Riabov , László Erdős

Chaos and ergodicity are the cornerstones of statistical physics and thermodynamics. While classically even small systems like a particle in a two-dimensional cavity, can exhibit chaotic behavior and thereby relax to a microcanonical…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2017-07-19 Anatoli Polkovnikov , Dries Sels

Isolated quantum systems typically approach thermal equilibrium as described by the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). Going beyond this involves either higher order correlators (full thermalization) or the formation of state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Tabea Herrmann , Felix Fritzsch , Arnd Bäcker

We ask whether the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) is valid in a strong sense: in the limit of an infinite system, {\it every} eigenstate is thermal. We examine expectation values of few-body operators in highly-excited many-body…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-11-13 Hyungwon Kim , Tatsuhiko N. Ikeda , David A. Huse