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We use a combination of perturbation theory and numerical techniques to study the equilibration of two interacting fields which are initially at thermal equilibrium at different temperatures. Using standard rules of quantum field theory, we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 E. Vaz , M. E. Carrington , R. Kobes , G. Kunstatter

Thermal convection is one of the main mechanisms of heat transport and mixing in stars in general and also in the photospheric layers which emit the radiation that we observe with astronomical instruments. The present lecture notes first…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-03 Friedrich Kupka

In order to compare the x-wind with observations, one needs to be able to calculate its thermal and ionization properties. We formulate the physical basis for the streamline-by-streamline integration of the ionization and heat equations of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 H. Shang , A. E. Glassgold , F. H. Shu , S. Lizano

The Euler equation has been accepted as the basic postulate of stellar physics long before the plasma physics was developed. The existence of electrical interaction between particles of interstellar plasma poses the question, how this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-09-11 B. V. Vasiliev

The General Thermodynamic Theory of Sintering, formulated by the author in 1998 is given. This theory is applied to the problem of swelling of materials under conditions of radiation. Driving forces, caused by the presence of the evolution…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-12-18 Yuri Kornyushin

We discuss the role of the electron temperature in abundance determinations in ionized nebulae (planetary nebulae and giant HII regions). We show that, even when observations provide a direct estimate of Te, abundance determinations may…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Grazyna Stasinska

An ion in a radiofrequency ion trap interacting with a buffer gas of ultracold neutral atoms is a driven dynamical system which has been found to develop a non-thermal energy distribution with a power law tail. The exact analytical form of…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2017-04-26 I. Rouse , S. Willitsch

The interaction of partially ionized plasmas with an electromagnetic field is investigated using quantum statistical methods. A general statistical expression for the current density of a plasma in an electromagnetic field is presented and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Dietrich Kremp , Dirk Semkat , Thomas Bornath , Michael Bonitz , Manfred Schlanges , Paul Hilse

The connection is established between two theories that have developed independently with the aim to describe quantum mechanics as a stochastic process, namely stochastic quantum mechanics (sqm) and stochastic electrodynamics (sed).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-20 Luis de la Peña , Ana María Cetto , Andrea Valdés-Hernández

The first determination of the surface temperature of stars other than the Sun is due to the Hungarian astrophysicist B\'ela Hark\'anyi. Prompted by the recent unprecedented increase in the availability of stellar temperature estimates from…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-09-04 Kristof Petrovay

We extend the quantal hypernetted-chain (QHNC) method, which has been proved to yield accurate results for liquid metals, to treat a partially ionized plasma. In a plasma, the electrons change from a quantum to a classical fluid gradually…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 J. Chihara , Y. Ueshima , S. Kiyokawa

The ionization losses -- the losses of energy by fast charged particles traveling through a matter -- have been under study for more than 100 years. The theoretical explanation of this process spans similar period. About 75 years ago, Lev…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-09-15 Eugene Bulyak , Nikolay Shul'ga

In this contribution, the Gaussian channel is represented as an equivalent thermal system allowing to express its input-output mutual information in terms of thermodynamic quantities. This thermodynamic description of the mutual information…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-06-20 Ori Shental , Ido Kanter

The great innovation of the Generalized Theorem is that it gives us the philosophy to work out the knowledge that the number of roots of an equation depends on the subfields of the functional terms of the equation they generate. Thus, the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-05-10 Nikos Mantzakouras

Recently a new integral equation describing the thermodynamics of the 1D Heisenberg model was discovered by Takahashi. Using the integral equation we have succeeded in obtaining the high temperature expansion of the specific heat and the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Masahiro Shiroishi , Minoru Takahashi

The surprising discovery of an accelerating universe led cosmologists to posit the existence of "dark energy"--a mysterious energy field that permeates the universe. Understanding dark energy has become the central problem of modern…

The Euler equation has been accepted as the basic postulate of stellar physics long before the plasma physics was developed. The existence of electrical interaction between particles of interstellar plasma poses the question, how this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. V. Vasiliev

An extensive survey is given of the historical origins of the Second Law of thermodynamics, illustrated by excerpts from many original sources, and with biographical information about key contributors. The major strands of conceptual…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-11-21 Stephen Wolfram

The caloric gauge was introduced by Tao with studying large data energy critical wave maps mapping from $\mathbf{R}^{2+1}$ to hyperbolic space $\mathbf{H}^m$ in view. In \cite{BIKT} Bejenaru, Ionescu, Kenig, and Tataru adapted the caloric…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2011-12-07 Paul Smith

Thermalization of isolated many-body systems is demonstrated by generalizing an approach originally due to von Neumann: For arbitrary initial states with a macroscopically well-defined energy, quantum mechanical expectation values become…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-07-02 Peter Reimann