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The Internet has become a prime subject to security attacks and intrusions by attackers. These attacks can lead to system malfunction, network breakdown, data corruption or theft. A network intrusion detection system (IDS) is a tool used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Tanwir Ahmad , Dragos Truscan , Juri Vain , Ivan Porres

Industrial control systems are critical to the operation of industrial facilities, especially for critical infrastructures, such as refineries, power grids, and transportation systems. Similar to other information systems, a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Guangxia Lia , Yulong Shena , Peilin Zhaob , Xiao Lu , Jia Liu , Yangyang Liu , Steven C. H. Hoi

The emerging wide area monitoring systems (WAMS) have brought significant improvements in electric grids' situational awareness. However, the newly introduced system can potentially increase the risk of cyber-attacks, which may be disguised…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Gabriel Intriago , Yu Zhang

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a fundamental unsupervised learning technique foruncovering latent structure in data by separating mixed signals into their independent sources. While substantial progress has been made in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yuwen Jiang

Deep Learning is emerging as an effective technique to detect sophisticated cyber-attacks targeting Industrial Control Systems (ICSs). The conventional approach to detection in literature is to learn the "normal" behaviour of the system, to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Maged Abdelaty , Roberto Doriguzzi-Corin , Domenico Siracusa

Modern power grids are undergoing significant changes driven by information and communication technologies (ICTs), and evolving into smart grids with higher efficiency and lower operation cost. Using ICTs, however, comes with an inevitable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Hanyu Zeng , Pengfei Zhou , Xin Lou , Zhen Wei Ng , David K. Y. Yau , Marianne Winslett

Data entry systems remain structurally vulnerable to categorical misclassifications, particularly in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). When nominal categories exhibit semantic or morphological proximity, human machine interaction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ricardo Raúl Palma , Mauro Anibal Benetti , Fabricio Orlando Sanchez Varretti

The increasing integration of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) into healthcare systems has significantly enhanced patient care but has also introduced critical cybersecurity challenges. This paper presents a novel approach based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Alireza Mohamadi , Hosna Ghahramani , Seyyed Amir Asghari , Mehdi Aminian

Due to its nature of dynamic, mobility, and wireless data transfer, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is prone to various cyber threats, ranging from spoofing and Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS) attacks to malware. To safeguard the IoV…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Md Ashraf Uddin , Nam H. Chu , Reza Rafeh , Mutaz Barika

Intrusion detection into computer networks has become one of the most important issues in cybersecurity. Attackers keep on researching and coding to discover new vulnerabilities to penetrate information security system. In consequence…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Sergio Hidalgo-Espinoza , Kevin Chamorro-Cupueran , Oscar Chang-Tortolero

The rapid expansion of varied network systems, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), has led to an increasing range of cyber threats. Ensuring robust protection against these threats necessitates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Md. Ashraf Uddin , Sunil Aryal , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Muna Al-Hawawreh , Md. Alamin Talukder

Automation in Security Operations Centers (SOCs) plays a prominent role in alert classification and incident escalation. However, automated methods must be robust in the presence of imbalanced input data, which can negatively affect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Koen T. W. Teuwen , Sam Baggen , Emmanuele Zambon , Luca Allodi

Data-driven software engineering processes, such as vulnerability prediction heavily rely on the quality of the data used. In this paper, we observe that it is infeasible to obtain a noise-free security defect dataset in practice. Despite…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Roland Croft , M. Ali Babar , Huaming Chen

Attack vectors are continuously evolving in order to evade Intrusion Detection systems. Internet of Things (IoT) environments, while beneficial for the IT ecosystem, suffer from inherent hardware limitations, which restrict their ability to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Christos Constantinides , Stavros Shiaeles , Bogdan Ghita , Nicholas Kolokotronis

Sequential sensor data is generated in a wide variety of practical applications. A fundamental challenge involves learning effective classifiers for such sequential data. While deep learning has led to impressive performance gains in recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Nauman Ahad , Mark A. Davenport

The incremental sequence labeling task involves continuously learning new classes over time while retaining knowledge of the previous ones. Our investigation identifies two significant semantic shifts: E2O (where the model mislabels an old…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Shengjie Qiu , Junhao Zheng , Zhen Liu , Yicheng Luo , Qianli Ma

The task of assigning label sequences to a set of observed sequences is common in computational linguistics. Several models for sequence labeling have been proposed over the last few years. Here, we focus on discriminative models for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-12 P. Balamurugan , Shirish Shevade , S. Sundararajan , S. S Keerthi

39 seconds. That is the timelapse between two consecutive cyber attacks as of 2023. Meaning that by the time you are done reading this abstract, about 1 or 2 additional cyber attacks would have occurred somewhere in the world. In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Pierre Lavieille , Ismail Alaoui Hassani Atlas

Noisy labels are inevitable, even in well-annotated datasets. The detection of noisy labels is of significant importance to enhance the robustness of speaker recognition models. In this paper, we propose a novel noisy label detection…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Yao Shen , Yingying Gao , Yaqian Hao , Chenguang Hu , Fulin Zhang , Junlan Feng , Shilei Zhang

Sequence classification is the task of predicting a class label given a sequence of observations. In many applications such as healthcare monitoring or intrusion detection, early classification is crucial to prompt intervention. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Maayan Shvo , Andrew C. Li , Rodrigo Toro Icarte , Sheila A. McIlraith