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The area of constrained clustering has been extensively explored by researchers and used by practitioners. Constrained clustering formulations exist for popular algorithms such as k-means, mixture models, and spectral clustering but have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Hongjing Zhang , Sugato Basu , Ian Davidson

The capability of classifying and clustering a desired set of data is an essential part of building knowledge from data. However, as the size and dimensionality of input data increases, the run-time for such clustering algorithms is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-25 Hadi Mardani Kamali

We study the topic of dimensionality reduction for $k$-means clustering. Dimensionality reduction encompasses the union of two approaches: \emph{feature selection} and \emph{feature extraction}. A feature selection based algorithm for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Christos Boutsidis , Anastasios Zouzias , Michael W. Mahoney , Petros Drineas

Clustering is one of the most important tools for analysis of large datasets, and perhaps the most popular clustering algorithm is Lloyd's algorithm for $k$-means. This algorithm takes $n$ vectors $V=[v_1,\dots,v_n]\in\mathbb{R}^{d\times…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Arjan Cornelissen , Joao F. Doriguello , Alessandro Luongo , Ewin Tang

Motivated by the increasing availability of low- and mixed-precision arithmetic on modern hardware, we develop mixed-precision variants of Lloyd's algorithm for k-means clustering. The main ingredient is a family of mixed-precision kernels…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Erin Carson , Xinye Chen , Xiaobo Liu

Clustering is widely used in unsupervised learning to find homogeneous groups of observations within a dataset. However, clustering mixed-type data remains a challenge, as few existing approaches are suited for this task. This study…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-26 Badih Ghattas , Alvaro Sanchez San-Benito

Clustering is a widely used and powerful machine learning technique, but its effectiveness is often limited by the need to specify the number of clusters, k, or by relying on thresholds that implicitly determine k. We introduce k*-means, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Louis Mahon , Mirella Lapata

Notwithstanding the popularity of conventional clustering algorithms such as K-means and probabilistic clustering, their clustering results are sensitive to the presence of outliers in the data. Even a few outliers can compromise the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-05-27 Pedro A. Forero , Vassilis Kekatos , Georgios B. Giannakis

Adiabatic quantum computers are a promising platform for approximately solving challenging optimization problems. We present a quantum approach to solving the balanced $k$-means clustering training problem on the D-Wave 2000Q adiabatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Davis Arthur , Prasanna Date

The $k$-means algorithm is one of the most widely used clustering heuristics. Despite its simplicity, analyzing its running time and quality of approximation is surprisingly difficult and can lead to deep insights that can be used to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-29 Johannes Blömer , Christiane Lammersen , Melanie Schmidt , Christian Sohler

We study the problem of clustering a set of items from binary user feedback. Such a problem arises in crowdsourcing platforms solving large-scale labeling tasks with minimal effort put on the users. For example, in some of the recent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-20 Kaito Ariu , Jungseul Ok , Alexandre Proutiere , Se-Young Yun

Clustering is a fundamental task in data science that aims to group data based on their similarities. However, defining similarity is often ambiguous, making it challenging to determine the most appropriate objective function for a given…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Myeonghwan Seong , Daniel K. Park

We consider $K$-means clustering in networked environments (e.g., internet of things (IoT) and sensor networks) where data is inherently distributed across nodes and processing power at each node may be limited. We consider a clustering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Soummya Kar , Brian Swenson

The Euclidean k-means problem is arguably the most widely-studied clustering problem in machine learning. While the k-means objective is NP-hard in the worst-case, practitioners have enjoyed remarkable success in applying heuristics like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Abhratanu Dutta , Aravindan Vijayaraghavan , Alex Wang

Spectral clustering has found extensive use in many areas. Most traditional spectral clustering algorithms work in three separate steps: similarity graph construction; continuous labels learning; discretizing the learned labels by k-means…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Zhao Kang , Chong Peng , Qiang Cheng , Zenglin Xu

We consider clustering in group decision making where the opinions are given by pairwise comparison matrices. In particular, the k-medoids model is suggested to classify the matrices since it has a linear programming problem formulation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Kolos Csaba Ágoston , Sándor Bozóki , László Csató

Neural network-based clustering has recently gained popularity, and in particular a constrained clustering formulation has been proposed to perform transfer learning and image category discovery using deep learning. The core idea is to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Yen-Chang Hsu , Zhaoyang Lv , Joel Schlosser , Phillip Odom , Zsolt Kira

Kernel-based K-means clustering has gained popularity due to its simplicity and the power of its implicit non-linear representation of the data. A dominant concern is the memory requirement since memory scales as the square of the number of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-12-05 Farhad Pourkamali-Anaraki , Stephen Becker

Clustering ensemble has been a popular research topic in data science due to its ability to improve the robustness of the single clustering method. Many clustering ensemble methods have been proposed, most of which can be categorized into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Feijiang Li , Jieting Wang , Liuya zhang , Yuhua Qian , Shuai jin , Tao Yan , Liang Du

Clustering is a well-studied unsupervised learning task that aims to partition data points into a number of clusters. In many applications, these clusters correspond to real-world constructs (e.g., electoral districts, playlists, TV…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Connor Lawless , Oktay Gunluk