Related papers: Moore-Machine Filtering for Timed and Untimed Patt…
We study a variant of the classical membership problem in automata theory, which consists of deciding whether a given input word is accepted by a given automaton. We do so under a different perspective, that is, we consider a dynamic…
Runtime verification is checking whether a system execution satisfies or violates a given correctness property. A procedure that automatically, and typically on the fly, verifies conformance of the system's behavior to the specified…
Machine-learned systems are in widespread use for making decisions about humans, and it is important that they are fair, i.e., not biased against individuals based on sensitive attributes. We present runtime verification of algorithmic…
Machine-learned systems are in widespread use for making decisions about humans, and it is important that they are fair, i.e., not biased against individuals based on sensitive attributes. We present a general framework of runtime…
Watchdog timers are devices that are commonly used to monitor the health of safety-critical hardware and software systems. Their primary function is to raise an alarm if the monitored systems fail to emit periodic "heartbeats" that signal…
Monitoring is an important part of the verification toolbox, in particular in situations where exhaustive verification using, e.g., model-checking is infeasible. The goal of online monitoring is to determine the satisfaction or violation of…
Runtime Monitoring is a lightweight and dynamic verification technique that involves observing the internal operations of a software system and/or its interactions with other external entities, with the aim of determining whether the system…
Monitoring of a signal plays an essential role in the runtime verification of cyber-physical systems. Qualitative timed pattern matching is one of the mathematical formulations of monitoring, which gives a Boolean verdict for each…
Matched filters are widely used to localise signal patterns due to their high efficiency and interpretability. However, their effectiveness deteriorates for low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) signals, such as those recorded on edge devices,…
Runtime monitors assess whether a system is in an unsafe state based on a stream of observations. We study the problem where the system is subject to probabilistic uncertainty and described by a hidden Markov model. A stream of observations…
In formal verification, runtime monitoring consists of observing the execution of a system in order to decide as quickly as possible whether or not it satisfies a given property. We consider monitoring in a distributed setting, for…
The timed pattern matching problem is formulated by Ulus et al. and has been actively studied since, with its evident application in monitoring real-time systems. The problem takes as input a timed word/signal and a timed pattern (specified…
Machine learning models are routinely integrated into process mining pipelines to carry out tasks like data transformation, noise reduction, anomaly detection, classification, and prediction. Often, the design of such models is based on…
Given a log and a specification, timed pattern matching aims at exhibiting for which start and end dates a specification holds on that log. For example, "a given action is always followed by another action before a given deadline". This…
The matched filter (MF) is widely used to detect signals hidden within the noise. If the noise is Gaussian, its performances are well-known and describable in an elegant analytical form. The treatment of non-Gaussian noises is often…
Runtime Verification is a lightweight formal verification technique. It is used to verify at runtime whether the system under analysis behaves as expected. The expected behaviour is usually formally specified by means of properties, which…
Probing signal injection is a well-established technique to extract additional information from a weakly (or non) observable dynamical system. Using averaging theory, a framework to analyse such schemes for general nonlinear systems has…
Compensation programming is typically used in the programming of web service compositions whose correct implementation is crucial due to their handling of security-critical activities such as financial transactions. While traditional…
The dependency on the correct functioning of embedded systems is rapidly growing, mainly due to their wide range of applications, such as micro-grids, automotive device control, health care, surveillance, mobile devices, and consumer…
We describe a system called Overton, whose main design goal is to support engineers in building, monitoring, and improving production machine learning systems. Key challenges engineers face are monitoring fine-grained quality, diagnosing…