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Non-volatile memory (NVM), also known as persistent memory, is an emerging paradigm for memory that preserves its contents even after power loss. NVM is widely expected to become ubiquitous, and hardware architectures are already providing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Eleni Bila , John Derrick , Simon Doherty , Brijesh Dongol , Gerhard Schellhorn , Heike Wehrheim

Emerging non-volatile memory (NVM)-based Computing-in-Memory (CiM) architectures show substantial promise in accelerating deep neural networks (DNNs) due to their exceptional energy efficiency. However, NVM devices are prone to device…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Zheyu Yan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Non-Volatile Memory offers the possibility of implementing high-performance, durable data structures. However, achieving performance comparable to well-designed data structures in non-persistent (transient) memory is difficult, primarily…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Nachshon Cohen , David T. Aksun , Hillel Avni , James R. Larus

The emerging hybrid DRAM-NVM architecture is challenging the existing memory management mechanism in operating system. In this paper, we introduce memos, which can schedule memory resources over the entire memory hierarchy including cache,…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Lei Liu , Mengyao Xie , Hao Yang

PCM is a popular backing memory for DRAM main memory in tiered memory systems. PCM has asymmetric access energy; writes dominate reads. MLC asymmetry can vary by an order of magnitude. Many schemes have been developed to take advantage of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Stephen Longofono , Seyed Mohammad Seyedzadeh , Alex K. Jones

Merkle hash trees are the standard method to protect the integrity and freshness of stored data. However, hash trees introduce additional compute and I/O costs on the I/O critical path, and prior efforts have not fully characterized these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Quinn Burke , Ryan Sheatsley , Rachel King , Owen Hines , Michael Swift , Patrick McDaniel

NVMs have promising advantages (e.g., lower idle power, higher density) over the existing predominant main memory technology, DRAM. Yet, NVMs also have disadvantages (e.g., limited endurance). System architects are therefore examining…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Reza Salkhordeh , Onur Mutlu , Hossein Asadi

The current mobile applications have rapidly growing memory footprints, posing a great challenge for memory system design. Insufficient DRAM main memory will incur frequent data swaps between memory and storage, a process that hurts…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Fei Wen , Mian Qin , Paul Gratz , Narasimha Reddy

Non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies such as spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) and spin-orbit torque magnetic random access memory (SOT-MRAM) have significant advantages compared to conventional SRAM due to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Ahmet Inci , Mehmet Meric Isgenc , Diana Marculescu

Fault tolerance is one of the major design goals for HPC. The emergence of non-volatile memories (NVM) provides a solution to build fault tolerant HPC. Data in NVM-based main memory are not lost when the system crashes because of the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-05-17 Shuo Yang , Kai Wu , Yifan Qiao , Dong Li , Jidong Zhai

Non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies are interesting alternatives for building the on-chip Last-Level Cache (LLC). Their advantages, compared to SRAM memory, are higher density and lower static power, but each write operation slightly…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Carlos Escuin , Pablo Ibañez , Teresa Monreal , Jose M. Llaberia , Victor Viñals

Persistent Memory (PM) is non-volatile byte-addressable memory that offers read and write latencies in the order of magnitude smaller than flash storage, such as SSDs. This survey discusses how file systems address the most prominent…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Wiebe van Breukelen , Animesh Trivedi

After nearly a decade of anticipation, scalable nonvolatile memory DIMMs are finally commercially available with the release of Intel's 3D XPoint DIMM. This new nonvolatile DIMM supports byte-granularity accesses with access times on the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Jian Yang , Juno Kim , Morteza Hoseinzadeh , Joseph Izraelevitz , Steven Swanson

Neuromorphic computing with non-volatile memory (NVM) can significantly improve performance and lower energy consumption of machine learning tasks implemented using spike-based computations and bio-inspired learning algorithms. High…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Shihao Song , Anup Das

Fast, byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVM) embraces both near-DRAM latency and disk-like persistence, which has generated considerable interests to revolutionize system software stack and programming models. However, it is less…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-10-30 Mingyu Wu , Ziming Zhao , Haoyu Li , Heting Li , Haibo Chen , Binyu Zang , Haibing Guan

The design of the buffer manager in database management systems (DBMSs) is influenced by the performance characteristics of volatile memory (DRAM) and non-volatile storage (e.g., SSD). The key design assumptions have been that the data must…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Joy Arulraj , Andy Pavlo , Krishna Teja Malladi

Traditional memory management suffers from metadata overhead, architectural complexity, and stability degradation, problems intensified in cloud environments. Existing software/hardware optimizations are insufficient for cloud computing's…

While non-volatile memories (NVMs) provide several desirable characteristics like better density and comparable energy efficiency than DRAM, DRAM-like performance, and disk-like durability, the limited endurance NVMs manifest remains a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Yi Zheng , Aasheesh Kolli , Shaizeen Aga

Neuromorphic computing systems uses non-volatile memory (NVM) to implement high-density and low-energy synaptic storage. Elevated voltages and currents needed to operate NVMs cause aging of CMOS-based transistors in each neuron and synapse…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Shihao Song , Jui Hanamshet , Adarsha Balaji , Anup Das , Jeffrey L. Krichmar , Nikil D. Dutt , Nagarajan Kandasamy , Francky Catthoor

The recent availability of fast, dense, byte-addressable non-volatile memory has led to increasing interest in the problem of designing and specifying durable data structures that can recover from system crashes. However, designing durable…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Michal Friedman , Naama Ben-David , Yuanhao Wei , Guy E. Blelloch , Erez Petrank