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The detection of exoplanets orbiting other stars has revolutionized our view of the cosmos. First results suggest that it is teeming with a fascinating diversity of rocky planets, including those in the habitable zone. Even our closest…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-20 L. Kaltenegger

Neutron stars are compact and dense celestial objects that offer the unique opportunity to explore matter and its interactions under conditions that cannot be reproduced elsewhere in the Universe. Their extreme gravitational, rotational and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-29 Stefano Ascenzi , Vanessa Graber , Nanda Rea

Optical interferometry provides us with a unique opportunity to improve our understanding of stellar structure and evolution. Through direct observation of rotationally distorted photospheres at sub-milliarcsecond scales, we are now able to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-13 Gerard T. van Belle

Gravitational lensing provides a means to measure mass that does not rely on detecting and analysing light from the lens itself. Compact objects are ideal gravitational lenses, because they have relatively large masses and are dim. In this…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-15 A. J. Harding , R. Di Stefano , S. Lépine , J. Urama , D. Pham , C. Baker

In the coming decades, research in extrasolar planets aims to advance two goals: 1) detecting and characterizing low-mass planets increasingly similar to the Earth, and 2) improving our understanding of planet formation. We present a new…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jason H. Steffen , B. Scott Gaudi , Eric B. Ford , Eric Agol , Mathew J. Holman

This review paper discusses the past and present observations of gamma-ray blazars with both space and ground-based gamma-ray telescopes (such as EGRET and current TeV telescopes), and with the VLBA. I also discuss the more sensitive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Glenn Piner

In this chapter of the book "Planets in binaries" we summarize our recent work on the statistical properties of planets in binaries and the differences with respect to planets orbiting single stars. We then present the radial velocity…

The traditional way of estimating the gravitational field from observed motions of test objects is based on the virial relation between their kinetic and potential energy. We find a more efficient method. It is based on the natural…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrei M. Beloborodov , Yuri levin

We discuss the case for using the Next Generation Very Large Array both to discover new black hole X-ray binaries astrometrically, and to characterize them. We anticipate that the ngVLA will be able to find $\sim$100 new black hole X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-06-20 Thomas J. Maccarone , Laura Chomiuk , Jay Strader , James Miller-Jones , Greg Sivakoff

During close angular approaches of solar system planets to astrometric radio sources, the apparent positions of these sources shift due to relativistic effects and, thus, these events may be used for testing the theory of general…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-12 Z. M. Malkin , V. N. L'vov , S. D. Tsekmeister

We present an observational approach for the independent detection of the early optical emission of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). For this purpose, we explore the potential of the Large Array Survey Telescope (LAST). This array of small…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-25 Iftach Sadeh

Understanding the formation and evolution of the stellar-mass binary black holes discovered by LIGO and Virgo is a challenge that spans many areas of astrophysics, from stellar evolution, dynamics and accretion disks, to possible exotic…

When rotation is not taken into account, the measurement of the Gravitational Redshift can provide unique information about the compactness ($M/R$) of the star. Rotation alters the gravitational redshift rendering thereby a unique…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-10 Paul Nunez , Marek Nowakowski

Astrometry can detect rocky planets in a broad range of masses and orbital distances and measure their masses and three-dimensional orbital parameters, including eccentricity and inclination, to provide the properties of terrestrial…

Strong gravitational lensing enables a wide range of science: probing cosmography; testing dark matter models; understanding galaxy evolution; and magnifying the faint, small and distant Universe. However to date exploiting strong lensing…

We assess the science reach and technical feasibility of a satellite mission based on precision atomic sensors configured to detect gravitational radiation. Conceptual advances in the past three years indicate that a two-satellite…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-08 Peter W. Graham , Jason M. Hogan , Mark A. Kasevich , Surjeet Rajendran , Roger W. Romani

Joint communication and sensing allows the utilization of common spectral resources for communication and localization, reducing the cost of deployment. By using fifth generation (5G) New Radio (NR) (i.e., the 3rd Generation Partnership…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-08 O. Kanhere , S. Goyal , M. Beluri , T. S. Rappaport

In order to avoid collisions with space debris, the near Earth orbit must be continuously scanned by either ground- or spaced-based facilities. For the low Earth orbit, radar telescopes are the workhorse for this task, especially due to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-01-26 Daniel Hampf , Paul Wagner , Wolfgang Riede

About half of all known stellar systems with Sun-like stars consist of two or more stars, significantly affecting the orbital stability of any planet in these systems. Here we study the onset of instability for an Earth-type planet that is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-12-20 J. Eberle , M. Cuntz , Z. E. Musielak

For testing gravity and detecting gravitational waves in space, deep-space laser ranging using drag-free spacecraft is a common method. Deep space provides a large arena and a long integration time. Laser technology provides measurement…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 Wei-Tou Ni
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