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Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution seismic inversion technique popularly used in oil and gas exploration. Traditional FWI employs the $l_2$ norm measurement to minimize the misfit between observed and predicted seismic data.…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-04-03 Liangsheng He , Chao Song , Cai Liu

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a highly nonlinear and ill-posed problem that aims to recover subsurface velocity maps from surface-recorded seismic waveforms data. Existing data-driven FWI typically uses small models, as available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yinan Feng , Peng Jin , Yuzhe Guo , Yinpeng Chen , Youzuo Lin

Ultrasonic imaging methods often assume linear direct models, while in reality, many nonlinear phenomena are present, e.g. multiple reflections. A family of imaging methods called Full Waveform Inversion (FWI), which has been developed in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Daniel Rossato , Thiago Alberto Rigo Passarin , Gustavo Pinto Pires , Daniel Rodrigues Pipa

Seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful geophysical imaging technique that produces high-resolution subsurface models by iteratively minimizing the misfit between the simulated and observed seismograms. Unfortunately,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-24 Fangshu Yang , Jianwei Ma

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful geophysical imaging technique that infers high-resolution subsurface physical parameters by solving a non-convex optimization problem. However, due to limitations in observation, e.g., limited…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Xiong-Bin Yan , Keke Wu , Zhi-Qin John Xu , Zheng Ma

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a method that utilizes seismic data to invert the physical parameters of subsurface media by minimizing the difference between simulated and observed waveforms. Due to its ill-posed nature, FWI is…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-02-18 Xintong Dong , Zhengyi Yuan , Jun Lin , Shiqi Dong , Xunqian Tong , Yue Li

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution seismic imaging method that estimates subsurface velocity by matching simulated and recorded waveforms. However, FWI is highly nonlinear, prone to cycle skipping, and sensitive to noise,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xinquan Huang , Paris Perdikaris

Full-waveform inversion is a cutting-edge methodology for recovering high-resolution subsurface models. However, one of the main conventional full-waveform optimization problems challenges is cycle-skipping, usually leading us to an…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Muhammad Izzatullah , Tariq Alkhalifah

We propose a new approach to measuring the agreement between two oscillatory time series, such as seismic waveforms, and demonstrate that it can be employed effectively in inverse problems. Our approach is based on Optimal Transport theory…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-07-01 Malcolm Sambridge , Andrew Jackson , Andrew P. Valentine

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a technique widely used in geophysics to obtain high-resolution subsurface velocity models from waveform seismic data. Due to its large computation cost, most flavors of FWI rely only on the computation of…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-03-27 Mustafa Alfarhan , Matteo Ravasi , Fuqiang Chen , Tariq Alkhalifah

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is an advanced technique for reconstructing high-resolution subsurface physical parameters by progressively minimizing the discrepancy between observed and predicted seismic data. However, conventional FWI…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-03-04 Chao Song , Tariq Alkhalifah , Umair Bin Waheed , Silin Wang , Cai Liu

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a seismic imaging method that provides quantitative inference about subsurface properties with a wavelength-scale resolution. Its frequency-domain formulation is computationally efficient when processing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-18 Hossein S. Aghamiry , Ali Gholami , Kamal Aghazade , Mahdi Sonbolestan , Stephane Operto

This paper proposes a computationally efficient algorithm to address the Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) problem with a Total Variation (TV) constraint, designed to accurately reconstruct subsurface properties from seismic data. FWI, as an…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-15 Yudai Inada , Shingo Takemoto , Shunsuke Ono

Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) has now become a widely accepted tool to obtain high-resolution velocity models from seismic data. Typically, the velocity model in its discrete form is represented on a rectangular grid, and we solve for the…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-01-25 Reetam Biswas , Mrinal K. Sen

Iterative inversion of seismic, ultrasonic, and other wave data by local gradient-based optimization of mean-square data prediction error (Full Waveform Inversion or FWI) can fail to converge to useful model estimates if started from an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-10 William W. Symes , Huiyi Chen , Susan E. Minkoff

We propose a formulation of full-wavefield inversion (FWI) as a constrained optimization problem, and describe a computationally efficient technique for solving constrained full-wavefield inversion (CFWI). The technique is based on using a…

Geophysics · Physics 2014-10-28 Musa Maharramov , Biondo Biondi

Objectives: Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution geophysical imaging technique that reconstructs subsurface velocity models by iteratively minimizing the misfit between predicted and observed seismic data. However, under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xinyi Zhang , Caiyun Liu , Jie Xiong , Qingfeng Yu

Elastic full-waveform inversion (EFWI) is a process used to estimate subsurface properties by fitting seismic data while satisfying wave propagation physics. The problem is formulated as a least-squares data fitting minimization problem…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-12 Kamal Aghazade , Ali Gholami , Hossein S. Aghamiry , Hamid Reza Siahkoohi

A novel approach to full waveform inversion (FWI), based on a data driven reduced order model (ROM) of the wave equation operator is introduced. The unknown medium is probed with pulses and the time domain pressure waveform data is recorded…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-03 Alexander V. Mamonov , Liliana Borcea , Josselin Garnier , Jörn Zimmerling

Nonlinear least squares data-fitting driven by physical process simulation is a classic and widely successful technique for the solution of inverse problems in science and engineering. Known as "Full Waveform Inversion" in application to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-28 William W. Symes