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Matrix multiplication is a cornerstone operation in a wide array of scientific fields, including machine learning and computer graphics. The standard algorithm for matrix multiplication has a complexity of $\mathcal{O}(n^3)$ for $n\times n$…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Afzal Ahmad , Linfeng Du , Wei Zhang

In this overview article we present several methods for multiplying matrices and the implementation of these methods in C. Also a little test program is given to compare their running time and the numerical stability. The methods are: naive…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2011-06-08 Ivo Hedtke

We study tensor networks as a model of arithmetic computation for evaluating multilinear maps. These capture any algorithm based on low border rank tensor decompositions, such as $O(n^{\omega+\epsilon})$ time matrix multiplication, and in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Per Austrin , Petteri Kaski , Kaie Kubjas

We introduce the $\star_G$ tensor algebra, in which any finite group $G$ defines the multiplication rule, making equivariance an intrinsic algebraic property rather than an architectural constraint. The framework rests on three…

We establish basic information about border rank algorithms for the matrix multiplication tensor and other tensors with symmetry. We prove that border rank algorithms for tensors with symmetry (such as matrix multiplication and the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-02-01 J. M. Landsberg , Mateusz Michałek

A tensor network is a diagram that specifies a way to "multiply" a collection of tensors together to produce another tensor (or matrix). Many existing algorithms for tensor problems (such as tensor decomposition and tensor PCA), although…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Ankur Moitra , Alexander S. Wein

We give explicit low-rank bilinear non-commutative schemes for multiplying structured $n \times n$ matrices with $2 \leq n \leq 5$, which serve as building blocks for recursive algorithms with improved multiplicative factors in asymptotic…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Kirill Khoruzhii , Patrick Gelß , Sebastian Pokutta

We implement an Augmented Lagrangian method to minimize a constrained least-squares cost function designed to find polyadic decompositions of the matrix multiplication tensor. We use this method to obtain new discrete decompositions and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-05 Charlotte Vermeylen , Marc Van Barel

We present a new algorithm for fast matrix multiplication using tensor decompositions which have special features. Thanks to these features we obtain exponents lower than what the rank of the tensor decomposition suggests. In particular for…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Manuel Kauers , Jakob Moosbauer , Isaac Wood

We develop a notion of {\em inner rank} as a tool for obtaining lower bounds on the rank of matrix multiplication tensors. We use it to give a short proof that the border rank (and therefore rank) of the tensor associated with $n\times n$…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Joel Friedman

Matrix-multiply-accumulate (MMA) units, or tensor cores, are now widespread across modern computing architectures. Yet, their use for particle-grid operators remains limited. In implicit particle methods, mass-matrix assembly is a…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Luca Pennati , Stefano Markidis

Matrix and tensor-guided parametrization for Natural Language Processing (NLP) models is fundamentally useful for the improvement of the model's systematic efficiency. However, the internal links between these two algebra structures and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Mingxue Xu , Sadia Sharmin , Danilo P. Mandic

We propose a strategy for the generation of fast and accurate versions of non-commutative recursive matrix multiplication algorithms. To generate these algorithms, we consider matrix and tensor norm bounds governing the stability and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-25 Jean-Guillaume Dumas , Clément Pernet , Alexandre Sedoglavic

We further develop the group-theoretic approach to fast matrix multiplication introduced by Cohn and Umans, and for the first time use it to derive algorithms asymptotically faster than the standard algorithm. We describe several families…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2012-03-15 Henry Cohn , Robert Kleinberg , Balazs Szegedy , Christopher Umans

We present a family of flattening methods of tensors which we call Kronecker-Koszul flattenings, generalizing the famous Koszul flattenings and further equations of secant varieties studied among others by Landsberg, Manivel, Ottaviani and…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Matěj Doležálek , Mateusz Michałek

We provide a polynomial lower bound on the minimum singular value of an $m\times m$ random matrix $M$ with jointly Gaussian entries, under a polynomial bound on the matrix norm and a global small-ball probability bound $$\inf_{x,y\in…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-03 Zipei Nie

We present a principled technique for reducing the lattice and matrix size in some applications of Coppersmith's lattice method for finding roots of modular polynomial equations. Motivated by ideas from machine learning, it relies on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Stephen D. Miller , Bhargav Narayanan , Ramarathnam Venkatesan

In this survey paper we study parametric versions of writing a matrix in $SL_n (\mathbb{C})$ as a product of lower and upper unitriangular matrices in interchanging order as well as generalizations to other classical groups. We give an…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Gaofeng Huang , Frank Kutzschebauch

We provide a computational framework for approximating a class of structured matrices; here, the term structure is very general, and may refer to a regular sparsity pattern (e.g., block-banded), or be more highly structured (e.g., symmetric…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-05-05 Misha E. Kilmer , Arvind K. Saibaba

Tensor contraction (TC) is an important computational kernel widely used in numerous applications. It is a multi-dimensional generalization of matrix multiplication (GEMM). While Strassen's algorithm for GEMM is well studied in theory and…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2017-04-12 Jianyu Huang , Devin A. Matthews , Robert A. van de Geijn