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Related papers: SLAYER: Spike Layer Error Reassignment in Time

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Multi-bit spiking neural networks (SNNs) have recently become a heated research spot, pursuing energy-efficient and high-accurate AI. However, with more bits involved, the associated memory and computation demands escalate to the point…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Xingting Yao , Qinghao Hu , Fei Zhou , Tielong Liu , Gang Li , Peisong Wang , Jian Cheng

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have demonstrated outstanding performance in numerous tasks, but deployment in resource-constrained environments remains a challenge due to their high computational and memory requirements. Spiking neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Chang Liu , Jiangrong Shen , Xuming Ran , Mingkun Xu , Qi Xu , Yi Xu , Gang Pan

Modern deep learning enabled artificial neural networks, such as Deep Neural Network (DNN) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), have achieved a series of breaking records on a broad spectrum of recognition applications. However, the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-03-15 Tao Liu , Zihao Liu , Fuhong Lin , Yier Jin , Gang Quan , Wujie Wen

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are bio-inspired networks that process information conveyed as temporal spikes rather than numeric values. A spiking neuron of an SNN only produces a spike whenever a significant number of spikes occur within…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Mathias Gehrig , Sumit Bam Shrestha , Daniel Mouritzen , Davide Scaramuzza

Brain-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) are recognized as a promising avenue for achieving efficient, low-energy neuromorphic computing. Direct training of SNNs typically relies on surrogate gradient (SG) learning to estimate…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiaqiang Jiang , Wenfeng Xu , Jing Fan , Rui Yan

Brain-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) have recently drawn more and more attention due to their event-driven and energy-efficient characteristics. The integration of storage and computation paradigm on neuromorphic hardwares makes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Yufei Guo , Liwen Zhang , Yuanpei Chen , Xinyi Tong , Xiaode Liu , YingLei Wang , Xuhui Huang , Zhe Ma

We propose a new supervised learning rule for multilayer spiking neural networks (SNNs) that use a form of temporal coding known as rank-order-coding. With this coding scheme, all neurons fire exactly one spike per stimulus, but the firing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Saeed Reza Kheradpisheh , Timothée Masquelier

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) that operate in an event-driven manner and employ binary spike representation have recently emerged as promising candidates for energy-efficient computing. However, a cost bottleneck arises in obtaining…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Yunpeng Yao , Man Wu , Zheng Chen , Renyuan Zhang

In this work we propose a new supervised learning method for temporally-encoded multilayer spiking networks to perform classification. The method employs a reinforcement signal that mimics backpropagation but is far less computationally…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Andrew Stephan , Brian Gardner , Steven J. Koester , Andre Gruning

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have shown advantages in computation and energy efficiency over traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs) thanks to their event-driven representations. SNNs also replace weight multiplications in ANNs with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Yangfan Hu , Qian Zheng , Xudong Jiang , Gang Pan

As the size of large language models continue to scale, so does the computational resources required to run it. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as an energy-efficient approach to deep learning that leverage sparse and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Rui-Jie Zhu , Qihang Zhao , Guoqi Li , Jason K. Eshraghian

Spiking neural networks have gained significant attention due to their brain-like information processing capabilities. The use of surrogate gradients has made it possible to train spiking neural networks with backpropagation, leading to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Dongcheng Zhao , Guobin Shen , Yiting Dong , Yang Li , Yi Zeng

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a biologically inspired computational paradigm that emulates neuronal activity through discrete spike-based processing. Despite their advantages, training SNNs with traditional backpropagation (BP)…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Mohammadnavid Ghader , Saeed Reza Kheradpisheh , Bahar Farahani , Mahmood Fazlali

Deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) have emerged as a potential alternative to traditional deep learning frameworks, due to their promise to provide increased compute efficiency on event-driven neuromorphic hardware. However, to perform…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Souvik Kundu , Gourav Datta , Massoud Pedram , Peter A. Beerel

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are inherently suited for continuous learning due to their event-driven temporal dynamics; however, their application to Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) has been hindered by catastrophic forgetting and the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Matteo Gianferrari , Omayma Moussadek , Riccardo Salami , Cosimo Fiorini , Lorenzo Tartarini , Daniela Gandolfi , Simone Calderara

Spiking neural network (SNN), as a brain-inspired energy-efficient neural network, has attracted the interest of researchers. While the training of spiking neural networks is still an open problem. One effective way is to map the weight of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Yang Li , Yi Zeng

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are receiving increasing attention due to their low power consumption and strong bio-plausibility. Optimization of SNNs is a challenging task. Two main methods, artificial neural network (ANN)-to-SNN…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Chunming Jiang , Yilei Zhang

In recent years, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have gained momentum due to their high potential in time-series processing combined with minimal energy consumption. However, they still lack a dedicated and efficient training algorithm. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Giovanni Perin , Cesare Bidini , Riccardo Mazzieri , Michele Rossi

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are dynamical systems that operate on spatiotemporal data, yet their learnable parameters are often limited to synaptic weights, contributing little to temporal pattern recognition. Learnable parameters that…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Luke Vassallo , Nima Taherinejad

Brain-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have attracted attention for their event-driven characteristics and high energy efficiency. However, the temporal dependency and irregularity of spikes present significant challenges for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Kainan Wang , Chengyi Yang , Chengting Yu , Yee Sin Ang , Bo Wang , Aili Wang