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Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in quantum information technology, from theoretical studies to experimental demonstrations. Revolutionary quantum applications are now in the limelight, showcasing the advantages…

The design of the Quantum Internet protocol stack is at its infancy and early-stage conceptualization. And different heterogeneous proposals are currently available in the literature. The underlying assumption of the existing proposals is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-01 Angela Sara Cacciapuoti , Jessica Illiano , Marcello Caleffi

Large-scale quantum networks with thousands of nodes require scalable network protocols and physical hardware to realize. In this work, we introduce packet switching as a new paradigm for quantum data transmission in both future and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Stephen DiAdamo , Bing Qi , Glen Miller , Ramana Kompella , Alireza Shabani

Quantum communication represents a revolutionary advancement over classical information theory, which leverages unique quantum mechanics properties like entanglement to achieve unprecedented capabilities in secure and efficient information…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Amit Kumar Bhuyan , Hrishikesh Dutta

The key objective of the Quantum Internet is the distribution and manipulation of entanglement to enable unprecedented applications. This requires a radical departure from classical Internet design principles, such as the end-to-end…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Marcello Caleffi , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti

Over the past several decades, the proliferation of global classical communication networks has transformed various facets of human society. Concurrently, quantum networking has emerged as a dynamic field of research, driven by its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Joseph M. Lukens , Nicholas A. Peters , Bing Qi

With the recent advancements and developments in quantum technologies, the emerging field of quantum communication and networking has gained the attention of the researchers. Owing to the unique properties of quantum mechanics, viz.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-10 Hrishikesh Dutta , Amit Kumar Bhuyan

The Quantum Internet is key for distributed quantum computing, by interconnecting multiple quantum processors into a virtual quantum computation system. This allows to scale the number of qubits, by overcoming the inherent limitations of…

Over the past 50 years, conventional network routing design has undergone substantial growth, evolving from small networks with static nodes to large systems connecting billions of devices. This progress has been achieved through the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-02 Binayak Kar , Pankaj Kumar

The vision of a quantum internet is to fundamentally enhance Internet technology by enabling quantum communication between any two points on Earth. While the first realisations of small scale quantum networks are expected in the near…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Wojciech Kozlowski , Stephanie Wehner

The development of quantum technologies has been accelerating in the last decade, turning them into emerging technologies that need explicit attention by decision-makers at national funding agencies, companies and governments. In this paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-23 Pieter E. Vermaas , Luca Possati , Zeki C. Seskir

The evolution of quantum computing technologies has been advancing at a steady pace in the recent years, and the current trend suggests that it will become available at scale for commercial purposes in the near future. The acceleration can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-29 Claudio Cicconetti , Marco Conti , Andrea Passarella

As the inevitable development trend of quantum key distribution, quantum networks have attracted extensive attention, and many prototypes have been deployed over recent years. Existing quantum networks based on optical fibers or quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-29 Dong Jiang , Weicong Huang , Chaohui Gao , Jia Liu , Lijun Chen

Quantum theory has found a new field of applications in the realm of information and computation during the recent years. This paper reviews how quantum physics allows information coding in classically unexpected and subtle nonlocal ways,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Galindo , M. A. Martin-Delgado

The future Quantum Internet is expected to be based on a hybrid architecture with core quantum transport capabilities complemented by conventional networking.Practical and foundational considerations indicate the need for conventional…

The quantum internet is one of the frontiers of quantum information science. It will revolutionize the way we communicate and do other tasks, and it will allow for tasks that are not possible using the current, classical internet. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Sumeet Khatri

In this invited paper, the authors discuss the exponential computing speed-up achievable by interconnecting quantum computers through a quantum internet. They also identify key future research challenges and open problems for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-14 Marcello Caleffi , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti , Giuseppe Bianchi

Superconducting and photonic technologies are envisioned to play a key role in the Quantum Internet. However the hybridization of these technologies requires functional quantum transducers for converting superconducting qubits, exploited in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Laura d'Avossa , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti , Marcello Caleffi

Large-scale quantum networks, known as quantum internet, hold great promises for advanced distributed quantum computing and long-distance quantum communication. It is essential to have a proper theoretical analysis of the quantum network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Kiran Adhikari , Christian Deppe

Quantum teleportation allows to transfer unknown quantum states between distant parties. It is not only a primitive of quantum communications but also an essential task in realization of the quantum networks for promising applications such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Sang Min Lee , Seung-Woo Lee , Hyunseok Jeong , Hee Su Park