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A sequential detection and tracking (SDT) approach is proposed for detection and tracking of very low signal-to-noise (SNR) objects. The proposed approach is compared with two existing particle filter track-before-track (TBD) methods. It is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-27 Reza Rezaie

We present a novel probabilistic deep learning approach, the 'Stochastic Latent Transformer' (SLT), designed for the efficient reduced-order modelling of stochastic partial differential equations. Stochastically driven flow models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Ira J. S. Shokar , Rich R. Kerswell , Peter H. Haynes

Sparse signal recovery is one of the most fundamental problems in various applications, including medical imaging and remote sensing. Many greedy algorithms based on the family of hard thresholding operators have been developed to solve the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-09 Rachel Grotheer , Shuang Li , Anna Ma , Deanna Needell , Jing Qin

Transformers (Vaswani et al., 2017) have brought a remarkable improvement in the performance of neural machine translation (NMT) systems but they could be surprisingly vulnerable to noise. In this work, we try to investigate how noise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Peyman Passban , Puneeth S. M. Saladi , Qun Liu

Artificial intelligence has recently been widely used in computational imaging. The deep neural network (DNN) improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the retrieved images, whose quality is otherwise corrupted due to the low sampling ratio or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-16 Wenhan Ren , Xiaoyu Nie , Tao Peng , Marlan O. Scully

Stereo depth estimation relies on optimal correspondence matching between pixels on epipolar lines in the left and right images to infer depth. In this work, we revisit the problem from a sequence-to-sequence correspondence perspective to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Zhaoshuo Li , Xingtong Liu , Nathan Drenkow , Andy Ding , Francis X. Creighton , Russell H. Taylor , Mathias Unberath

Tubular structure segmentation in medical images, e.g., segmenting vessels in CT scans, serves as a vital step in the use of computers to aid in screening early stages of related diseases. But automatic tubular structure segmentation in CT…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Yan Wang , Xu Wei , Fengze Liu , Jieneng Chen , Yuyin Zhou , Wei Shen , Elliot K. Fishman , Alan L. Yuille

Most physical data sets contain a stochastic contribution produced by measurement noise or other random sources along with the signal. Usually, neither the signal nor the noise are accurately known prior to the measurement so that both have…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-12 S. Czesla , T. Molle , J. H. M. M. Schmitt

Comparing spherical probability distributions is of great interest in various fields, including geology, medical domains, computer vision, and deep representation learning. The utility of optimal transport-based distances, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Huy Tran , Yikun Bai , Abihith Kothapalli , Ashkan Shahbazi , Xinran Liu , Rocio Diaz Martin , Soheil Kolouri

We present a simple, efficient and robust approach to improve cosmological redshift measurements. The method is based on the presence of a reference sample for which a precise redshift number distribution (dN/dz) can be obtained for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-13 Nicolas Tejos , Aldo Rodriguez-Puebla , Joel R. Primack

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the workhorse algorithm of deep learning technology. At each step of the training phase, a mini batch of samples is drawn from the training dataset and the weights of the neural network are adjusted…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-09-07 Francesca Mignacco , Pierfrancesco Urbani

Spatio-temporal forecasting is essential for real-world applications such as traffic management and urban computing. Although recent methods have shown improved accuracy, they often fail to account for dynamic deviations between current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Haotian Gao , Zheng Dong , Jiawei Yong , Shintaro Fukushima , Kenjiro Taura , Renhe Jiang

The directional state transition tensor (DSTT) reduces the complexity of state transition tensor (STT) by aligning the STT terms in sensitive directions only, which provides comparable accuracy in orbital uncertainty propagation. The DSTT…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-11 Xingyu Zhou , Roberto Armellin , Dong Qiao , Xiangyu Li

Achieving 3D spatial awareness is crucial for surgical robotic manipulation, where precise and delicate operations are required. Existing methods either explicitly reconstruct the surgical scene prior to manipulation, or enhance multi-view…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yu Sheng , Lidian Wang , Xiaomeng Chu , Jiajun Deng , Min Cheng , Yanyong Zhang , Bei Hua , Houqiang Li , Jianmin Ji

A discrete auditory transform (DAT) from sound signal to spectrum is presented and shown to be invertible in closed form. The transform preserves energy, and its spectrum is smoother than that of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jack Xin , Yingyong Qi

This article introduces the Stochastic Texture Difference method for analyzing data at prescribed spatial and value scales. This method relies on constrained random walks around each pixel, describing how nearby image values typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-10-06 Nicolas Brodu , Hussein Yahia

We present a performance analysis for image registration with gradient descent methods. We consider a typical multiscale registration setting where the global 2-D translation between a pair of images is estimated by smoothing the images and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-01-14 Elif Vural , Pascal Frossard

This paper presents a set of novel scan-matching techniques for vehicle pose estimation using automotive radar measurements. The proposed approach modifies the Normal Distributions Transform (NDT) -- a state-of-the-art scan-matching SLAM…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-21 Martijn Heller , Nikita Petrov , Alexander Yarovoy

A stochastic wavevector approach is formulated to accurately represent compressible turbulence subject to rapid deformations. This approach is inspired by the incompressible particle representation model of Kassinos (1995) and preserves the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-01-30 Noah Zambrano , Karthik Duraisamy

Remote sensing provides valuable information about objects or areas from a distance in either active (e.g., RADAR and LiDAR) or passive (e.g., multispectral and hyperspectral) modes. The quality of data acquired by remotely sensed imaging…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-22 Benhood Rasti , Yi Chang , Emanuele Dalsasso , Loïc Denis , Pedram Ghamisi