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Continuous Matrix Product States (cMPS) are powerful variational ansatz states for ground states of continuous quantum field theories in (1+1) dimension. In this paper we introduce a novel parametrization of the cMPS wave function based on…

Computational Physics · Physics 2017-12-06 Martin Ganahl

In stochastic modeling, there has been a significant effort towards finding predictive models that predict a stochastic process' future using minimal information from its past. Meanwhile, in condensed matter physics, matrix product states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-05 Chengran Yang , Felix C. Binder , Varun Narasimhachar , Mile Gu

The matrix product state formalism is used to simulate Hamiltonian lattice gauge theories. To this end, we define matrix product state manifolds which are manifestly gauge invariant. As an application, we study 1+1 dimensional one flavour…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2014-11-04 Boye Buyens , Jutho Haegeman , Karel Van Acoleyen , Henri Verschelde , Frank Verstraete

This paper reveals the intrinsic structure of Matrix Product States (MPS) by establishing their deep connection to entangled hidden Markov models (EHMMs). It is demonstrated that a significant class of MPS can be derived as the outcomes of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-19 Abdessatar Souissi

Tensor network states, especially Matrix Product States (MPS), are crucial tools for studying how particles in large quantum systems are entangled with each other. MPS are particularly effective for modeling systems in one-dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-02-03 Niloofar Vardian

We characterize the conditions under which a translationally invariant matrix product state (MPS) is invariant under local transformations. This allows us to relate the symmetry group of a given state to the symmetry group of a simple…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-06-04 M. Sanz , M. M. Wolf , D. Perez-Garcia , J. I. Cirac

We discuss how to analytically obtain an -- essentially infinite -- Matrix Product State (MPS) representation of the ground state of the XY model. On the one hand this allows to illustrate how the Ornstein-Zernike form of the correlation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-06 Marek M. Rams , Valentin Zauner , Matthias Bal , Jutho Haegeman , Frank Verstraete

The Kosterlitz-Thouless transition is studied from the representation of the systems's ground state wave functions in terms of Matrix Product States for a quantum system on an infinite-size lattice in one spatial dimension. It is found…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-02-11 Hong-Lei Wang , Jian-Hui Zhao , Bo Li , Huan-Qiang Zhou

Matrix product states (MPS) provide a powerful framework for characterizing one-dimensional symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases of matter and for formulating Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM)-type constraints. Here we generalize the MPS…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-20 Amogh Anakru , Sarvesh Srinivasan , Linhao Li , Zhen Bi

We present a general method for simulating lattice gauge theories in low dimensions using infinite matrix product states (iMPS). A central challenge in Hamiltonian formulations of gauge theories is the unbounded local Hilbert space…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-08-21 Nicholas Godfrey , Ian P. McCulloch

Quantum machine learning (QML) is a rapidly expanding field that merges the principles of quantum computing with the techniques of machine learning. One of the powerful mathematical frameworks in this domain is tensor networks. These…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Alex Mossi , Bojan Žunkovic , Kyriakos Flouris

We propose a way to construct a thermal pure quantum matrix product state (TPQ-MPS) that can simulate finite temperature quantum many-body systems with a minimal numerical cost comparable to the matrix product algorithm for the ground…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-06-02 Atsushi Iwaki , Akira Shimizu , Chisa Hotta

The canonical form of Matrix Product States (MPS) and the associated fundamental theorem, which relates different MPS representations of a state, are the theoretical framework underlying many of the analytical results derived through MPS,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-17 Gemma De las Cuevas , J. Ignacio Cirac , Norbert Schuch , David Perez-Garcia

Matrix product states (MPS) illustrate the suitability of tensor networks for the description of interacting many-body systems: ground states of gapped $1$-D systems are approximable by MPS as shown by Hastings [J. Stat. Mech. Theor. Exp.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Robert Koenig , Volkher B. Scholz

In this work, we investigate the universal representation capacity of the Matrix Product States (MPS) from the perspective of boolean functions and continuous functions. We show that MPS can accurately realize arbitrary boolean functions by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-16 Erdong Guo , David Draper

We introduce a new class of continuous matrix product (CMP) states and establish the stochastic master equations (quantum filters) for an arbitrary quantum system probed by a bosonic input field in this class of states. We show that this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-11 John E. Gough , Matthew R. James , Hendra I. Nurdin

We propose a new version of the matrix product (MP) states approach to the description of quantum spin chains, which allows one to construct MP states with certain total spin and its z-projection. We show that previously known MP…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 A. K. Kolezhuk , H. -J. Mikeska , Shoji Yamamoto

We introduce Gaussian Matrix Product States (GMPS), a generalization of Matrix Product States (MPS) to lattices of harmonic oscillators. Our definition resembles the interpretation of MPS in terms of projected maximally entangled pairs,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-20 Norbert Schuch , Michael M. Wolf , J. Ignacio Cirac

In recent years, a close connection between the description of open quantum systems, the input-output formalism of quantum optics, and continuous matrix product states in quantum field theory has been established. So far, however, this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-14 G. Haack , A. Steffens , J. Eisert , R. Hübener

Matrix product states (MPS) and `dressed' ground states of quadratic mean fields (e.g. Gutzwiller projected Slater Determinants) are both important classes of variational wave-functions. This latter class has played important roles in…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-04-07 Gabriel Petrica , Bo-Xiao Zheng , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan , Bryan K. Clark