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Random variables representing measurements, broadly understood to include any responses to any inputs, form a system in which each of them is uniquely identified by its content (that which it measures) and its context (the conditions under…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-24 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Víctor H. Cervantes , Janne V. Kujala

Preparation and measurement of physical systems are the operational building blocks of any physical experiment, and to describe them is the first purpose of any physical theory. It is remarkable that, in some situations, even when only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Carlos de Gois , George Moreno , Ranieri Nery , Samuraí Brito , Rafael Chaves , Rafael Rabelo

Classical realism demands that system properties exist independently of whether they are measured, while noncontextuality demands that the results of measurements do not depend on what other measurements are performed in conjunction with…

Quantifying nonclassicality of a bosonic mode is an important but challenge task in quantum optics. Recently, the first nonclassicality measure based on the concept of operational resource theory has been proposed [Phys. Rev. Research 2,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-14 Wenchao Ge , M. Suhail Zubairy

This paper is a brief overview of the concepts involved in measuring the degree of contextuality and detecting contextuality in systems of binary measurements of a finite number of objects. We discuss and clarify the main concepts and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-21 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Janne V. Kujala , Victor H. Cervantes

Standard quantum mechanics undeniably violates the notion of separability that classical physics accustomed us to consider as valid. By relating the phenomenon of quantum nonseparability to the all-important concept of potentiality, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-25 Vassilios Karakostas

The verification and quantification of experimentally created entanglement by simple measurements, especially between distant particles, is an important basic task in quantum processing. When composite systems are subjected to local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 K. M. R. Audenaert , M. B. Plenio

The lack of information obtained from informationally incomplete quantum measurements can prevent the detection of quantum resources, such as optical nonclassicality. We develop a technique that overcomes this limitation for single-mode…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 V. S. Kovtoniuk , A. B. Klimov , A. A. Semenov

Quantum measurements are crucial for quantum technologies and give rise to some of the most classically counter-intuitive quantum phenomena. As such, the ability to certify the presence of genuinely non-classical joint measurements in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-13 Ciarán M. Lee

Generalized noncontextuality is a well-studied notion of classicality that is applicable to a single system, as opposed to Bell locality. It relies on representing operationally indistinguishable procedures identically in an ontological…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-13 Victor Gitton , Mischa P. Woods

The quantum nature of the state of a bosonic quantum field manifests itself in its entanglement, coherence, or optical nonclassicality which are each known to be resources for quantum computing or metrology. We provide quantitative and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-25 Anaelle Hertz , Nicolas J. Cerf , Stephan De Bièvre

Everyday experience supports the existence of physical properties independent of observation in strong contrast to the predictions of quantum theory. In particular, existence of physical properties that are independent of the measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-09 Beatrix C. Hiesmayr , Jan-Å ke Larsson

An operational definition of contextuality is introduced which generalizes the standard notion in three ways: (1) it applies to arbitrary operational theories rather than just quantum theory, (2) it applies to arbitrary experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 R. W. Spekkens

Contextuality is the leading notion of nonclassicality for a single system. However, an experimental demonstration requires finding procedures that are operationally equivalent, which might seem impossible to achieve exactly. Here I focus…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-08 Matthew F. Pusey

Abstract Contextuality is a property of systems of random variables. The identity of a random variable in a system is determined by its joint distribution with all other random variables in the same context. When context changes, a variable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Ehtibar Dzhafarov

The non-classical nature of quantum states, often illustrated using entanglement measures or quantum discord, constitutes a resource for quantum information protocols. However, the non-classicality of a quantum system cannot be encapsulated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-18 Carole Addis , Teiko Heinosaari , Jukka Kiukas , Elsi-Mari Laine , Sabrina Maniscalco

We study the role of context, complex of physical conditions, in quantum as well as classical experiments. It is shown that by taking into account contextual dependence of experimental probabilities we can derive the quantum rule for the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Andrei Khrennikov

We show that there are Bell-type inequalities for noncontextual theories that are violated by any quantum state. One of these inequalities between the correlations of compatible measurements is particularly suitable for testing this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-07-28 Adan Cabello

Nonclassical states of light and their correlations lie at the heart of quantum optics, serving as fundamental resources that underpin both the exploration of quantum phenomena and the realisation of quantum information protocols. These…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Jhoan Eusse , Esteban Vasquez , Tom Rivlin , Elizabeth Agudelo

Nowadays contextuality is the hotest topic of quantum foundations and, especially, foundations of quantum information theory. This notion is characterized by the huge diversity of approaches and interpretations. One of the strongest trends…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-02 Andrei Khrennikov