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Multi-label classification (MC) is a standard machine learning problem in which a data point can be associated with a set of classes. A more challenging scenario is given by hierarchical multi-label classification (HMC) problems, in which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Eleonora Giunchiglia , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Deploying deep neural networks for risk-sensitive tasks necessitates an uncertainty estimation mechanism. This paper introduces hierarchical selective classification, extending selective classification to a hierarchical setting. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shani Goren , Ido Galil , Ran El-Yaniv

Hierarchy Of Multi-label classifiers (HOMER) is a multi-label learning algorithm that breaks the initial learning task to several, easier sub-tasks by first constructing a hierarchy of labels from a given label set and secondly employing a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-12-31 Yannis Papanikolaou , Ioannis Katakis , Grigorios Tsoumakas

In modern multilabel classification problems, each data instance belongs to a small number of classes from a large set of classes. In other words, these problems involve learning very sparse binary label vectors. Moreover, in large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Shashanka Ubaru , Sanjeeb Dash , Arya Mazumdar , Oktay Gunluk

Multi-label ranking, which returns multiple top-ranked labels for each instance, has a wide range of applications for visual tasks. Due to its complicated setting, prior arts have proposed various measures to evaluate model performances.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Zitai Wang , Qianqian Xu , Zhiyong Yang , Peisong Wen , Yuan He , Xiaochun Cao , Qingming Huang

Solving classification with graph methods has gained huge popularity in recent years. This is due to the fact that the data can be intuitively modeled with graphs to utilize high level features to aid in solving the classification problem.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Seyed Amin Fadaee , Maryam Amir Haeri

Many important classification problems in the real-world consist of a large number of closely related categories in a hierarchical structure or taxonomy. Hierarchical multi-label text classification (HMTC) with higher accuracy over large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Pengfei Gao , Jingpeng Zhao , Yinglong Ma , Ahmad Tanvir , Beihong Jin

This paper considers the problem of Hierarchical Multi-Label Classification (HMC), where (i) several labels can be present for each example, and (ii) labels are related via a domain-specific hierarchy tree. Guided by the intuition that all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Ashwin Vaswani , Gaurav Aggarwal , Praneeth Netrapalli , Narayan G Hegde

Automatic topic classification has been studied extensively to assist managing and indexing scientific documents in a digital collection. With the large number of topics being available in recent years, it has become necessary to arrange…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Mobashir Sadat , Cornelia Caragea

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is a challenging subtask of multi-label classification due to its complex label hierarchy. Recently, the pretrained language models (PLM)have been widely adopted in HTC through a fine-tuning paradigm.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Zihan Wang , Peiyi Wang , Tianyu Liu , Binghuai Lin , Yunbo Cao , Zhifang Sui , Houfeng Wang

CXRs are a crucial and extraordinarily common diagnostic tool, leading to heavy research for CAD solutions. However, both high classification accuracy and meaningful model predictions that respect and incorporate clinical taxonomies are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Haomin Chen , Shun Miao , Daguang Xu , Gregory D. Hager , Adam P. Harrison

Hierarchical multi-label text classification aims to classify the input text into multiple labels, among which the labels are structured and hierarchical. It is a vital task in many real world applications, e.g. scientific literature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Rundong Liu , Wenhan Liang , Weijun Luo , Yuxiang Song , He Zhang , Ruohua Xu , Yunfeng Li , Ming Liu

Hierarchical multi-label classification (HMLC) is essential for modeling complex label dependencies in remote sensing. Existing methods, however, struggle with multi-path hierarchies where instances belong to multiple branches, and they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Marjan Stoimchev , Boshko Koloski , Jurica Levatić , Dragi Kocev , Sašo Džeroski

Hierarchical text classification aims to leverage label hierarchy in multi-label text classification. Existing methods encode label hierarchy in a global view, where label hierarchy is treated as the static hierarchical structure containing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Ting Jiang , Deqing Wang , Leilei Sun , Zhongzhi Chen , Fuzhen Zhuang , Qinghong Yang

We investigate the scalable image classification problem with a large number of categories. Hierarchical visual data structures are helpful for improving the efficiency and performance of large-scale multi-class classification. We propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Yanyun Qu , Li Lin , Fumin Shen , Chang Lu , Yang Wu , Yuan Xie , Dacheng Tao

Recent advances in Hierarchical Multi-label Classification (HMC), particularly neurosymbolic-based approaches, have demonstrated improved consistency and accuracy by enforcing constraints on a neural model during training. However, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Joshua Shay Kricheli , Khoa Vo , Aniruddha Datta , Spencer Ozgur , Paulo Shakarian

Hierarchical Text Classification (HTC) aims to assign texts to structured label hierarchies; however, it faces challenges due to data scarcity and model complexity. This study explores the feasibility of using black box Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Kosuke Yoshimura , Hisashi Kashima

Personalized PageRank (PPR) is a graph algorithm that evaluates the importance of the surrounding nodes from a source node. Widely used in social network related applications such as recommender systems, PPR requires real-time responses…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Lixiang Li , Yao Chen , Zacharie Zirnheld , Pan Li , Cong Hao

Modern visual recognition models often display overconfidence due to their reliance on complex deep neural networks and one-hot target supervision, resulting in unreliable confidence scores that necessitate calibration. While current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Tianshui Chen , Weihang Wang , Tao Pu , Jinghui Qin , Zhijing Yang , Jie Liu , Liang Lin

Multi-label classification (MLC) has recently received increasing interest from the machine learning community. Several studies provide reviews of methods and datasets for MLC and a few provide empirical comparisons of MLC methods. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Jasmin Bogatinovski , Ljupčo Todorovski , Sašo Džeroski , Dragi Kocev