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We propose to use bifurcation theory and pattern formation as theoretical probes for various hypotheses about the neural organization of the brain. This allows us to make predictions about the kinds of patterns that should be observed in…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2015-05-13 Pascal Chossat , Olivier Faugeras

The leafage of a chordal graph G is the minimum integer l such that G can be realized as an intersection graph of subtrees of a tree with l leaves. We consider structural parameterization by the leafage of classical domination and cut…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Esther Galby , Daniel Marx , Philipp Schepper , Roohani Sharma , Prafullkumar Tale

We systematically study inhomogeneous Hamiltonians in two-dimensional conformal field theories within the framework of the AdS/CFT correspondence by relating them to two-dimensional curved backgrounds. We propose a classification of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-03-12 Zhehan Li , Zhifeng Li , Jia Tian

Spanning trees are fundamental for efficient communication in networks. For fault-tolerant communication, it is desirable to have multiple spanning trees to ensure resilience against failures of nodes and edges. To this end, various notions…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Anil Maheshwari , Karthik Murali , Michiel Smid

Two graph parameters are said to be coarsely equivalent if they are within constant factors from each other for every graph $G$. Recently, several graph parameters were shown to be coarsely equivalent to tree-length. Recall that the length…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Feodor F. Dragan

Many complex networks exhibit hierarchical, tree-like structures, making hyperbolic space a natural candidate wherein to learn representations of them. Based on this observation, Hyperbolic Graph Neural Networks (HGNNs) have been widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Dionisia Naddeo , Jonas Linkerhägner , Nicola Toschi , Geri Skenderi , Veronica Lachi

We reveal a low-temperature duality between the hyperbolic lattice model featuring fractons and infinite decoupled copies of Zabrodin's $p$-adic model of AdS/CFT. The core of the duality is the subsystem symmetries of the hyperbolic fracton…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-14 Han Yan , Christian B. Jepsen , Yaron Oz

In the Priority Steiner Tree (PST) problem, we are given an undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ with a source $s \in V$ and terminals $T \subseteq V \setminus \{s\}$, where each terminal $v \in T$ requires a nonnegative priority $P(v)$. The goal is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Faryad Darabi Sahneh , Stephen Kobourov , Richard Spence

Graham and Pollak showed that the determinant of the distance matrix of a tree $T$ depends only on the number of vertices of $T$. Graphical distance, a function of pairs of vertices, can be generalized to ``Steiner distance'' of sets $S$ of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-02 Joshua Cooper , Gabrielle Tauscheck

Full binary trees naturally represent commutative non-associative products. There are many important examples of these products: finite-precision floating-point addition and NAND gates, among others. Balance in such a tree is highly…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Laura Monroe

Let $G$ be a graph with the usual shortest-path metric. A graph is $\delta$-hyperbolic if for every geodesic triangle $T$, any side of $T$ is contained in a $\delta$-neighborhood of the union of the other two sides. A graph is chordal if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-22 Álvaro Martínez-Pérez

The Euclidean Steiner tree problem asks to find a min-cost metric graph that connects a given set of \emph{terminal} points $X$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$, possibly using points not in $X$ which are called Steiner points. Even though near-linear…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-12-01 T-H. Hubert Chan , Gramoz Goranci , Shaofeng H. -C. Jiang , Bo Wang , Quan Xue

Unimodality of the normalized coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of distance matrices of trees are known and bounds on the location of its peak (the largest coefficient) are also known. Recently, an extension of these results to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-04 Rakesh Jana , Iswar Mahato , Sivaramakrishnan Sivasubramanian

In this paper, we introduce a specific type of Euclidean tree called LED (Leaves of Equal Depth) tree. LED trees can be used in computational phylogeny, since they are a natural representative of the time evolution of a set of species in a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-22 Mariana Sarkociová Remešíková , Peter Sarkoci , Mária Trnovská

Tree-graded spaces are a generalization of $\mathbb{R}$-trees and play an important role in describing the large-scale geometry of relatively hyperbolic groups. We consider a subclass of tree-graded spaces that we call "disjointly…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Jeremy Brazas , Curtis Kent

We investigate the tractability of a simple fusion of two fundamental structures on graphs, a spanning tree and a perfect matching. Specifically, we consider the following problem: given an edge-weighted graph, find a minimum-weight…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Kristóf Bérczi , Tamás Király , Yusuke Kobayashi , Yutaro Yamaguchi , Yu Yokoi

The individual building blocks of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures host fascinating physical phenomena, ranging from ballistic electron transport in graphene to striking optical properties of MoSe2 sheets. The presence of bonded and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-06-14 Nouamane Laanait , Zhan Zhang , Christian M. Schleputz , Ying Liu , Michael Wojcik , Rachael L. Myers-Ward , D. Kurt Gaskill , Paul Fenter , Lian Li

In this paper, we study the holographic descriptions of the conformal block of heavy operators in two-dimensional large c conformal field theory. We consider the case that the operators are pairwise inserted such that the distance between…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-23 Bin Chen , Jie-qiang Wu , Jia-ju Zhang

We propose a new example of discrete holography that provides a new step towards establishing the AdS/CFT duality for discrete spaces. A class of boundary Hamiltonians is obtained in a natural way from regular tilings of the hyperbolic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-11-09 Pablo Basteiro , Giuseppe Di Giulio , Johanna Erdmenger , Jonathan Karl , René Meyer , Zhuo-Yu Xian

We generalize the $T\overline{T}$ deformation of CFT$_2$ to higher-dimensional large-$N$ CFTs, and show that in holographic theories, the resulting effective field theory matches semiclassical gravity in AdS with a finite radial cutoff. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-05-29 Thomas Hartman , Jorrit Kruthoff , Edgar Shaghoulian , Amirhossein Tajdini