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While reinforcement learning has achieved considerable successes in recent years, state-of-the-art models are often still limited by the size of state and action spaces. Model-free reinforcement learning approaches use some form of state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Paul J. Pritz , Liang Ma , Kin K. Leung

We are concerned with the question of how an agent can acquire its own representations from sensory data. We restrict our focus to learning representations for long-term planning, a class of problems that state-of-the-art learning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Steven James , Benjamin Rosman , George Konidaris

We present a theoretical study of continual and experiential learning in large language model agents that combine episodic memory with reinforcement learning. We argue that the key mechanism for continual adaptation, without updating model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jun Wang

As reinforcement learning agents become increasingly deployed in real-world scenarios, predicting future agent actions and events during deployment is important for facilitating better human-agent interaction and preventing catastrophic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Stephen Chung , Scott Niekum , David Krueger

Learning to coordinate many agents in partially observable and highly dynamic environments requires both informative representations and data-efficient training. To address this challenge, we present a novel model-based multi-agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Zhizun Wang , David Meger

A long-standing challenge in Reinforcement Learning is enabling agents to learn a model of their environment which can be transferred to solve other problems in a world with the same underlying rules. One reason this is difficult is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Kai Olav Ellefsen , Jim Torresen

Multi-agent robotic systems are increasingly operating in real-world environments in close proximity to humans, yet are largely controlled by policy models with inscrutable deep neural network representations. We introduce a method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Renos Zabounidis , Joseph Campbell , Simon Stepputtis , Dana Hughes , Katia Sycara

Goal-conditioned planning benefits from learned low-dimensional representations of rich observations. While compact latent representations typically learned from variational autoencoders or inverse dynamics enable goal-conditioned decision…

General-purpose agents require fine-grained controls and rich sensory inputs to perform a wide range of tasks. However, this complexity often leads to intractable decision-making. Traditionally, agents are provided with task-specific action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Rafael Rodriguez-Sanchez , George Konidaris

Model-based next state prediction and state value prediction are slow to converge. To address these challenges, we do the following: i) Instead of a neural network, we do model-based planning using a parallel memory retrieval system (which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-02 John Chong Min Tan , Mehul Motani

In reinforcement learning, an agent interacts sequentially with an environment to maximize a reward, receiving only partial, probabilistic feedback. This creates a fundamental exploration-exploitation trade-off: the agent must explore to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Josep Lumbreras , Ruo Cheng Huang , Yanglin Hu , Marco Fanizza , Mile Gu

Computational agents support humans in many areas of life and are therefore found in heterogeneous contexts. This means they operate in rapidly changing environments and can be confronted with huge state and action spaces. In order to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Nicole Merkle , Ralf Mikut

We propose a new automated digital painting framework, based on a painting agent trained through reinforcement learning. To synthesize an image, the agent selects a sequence of continuous-valued actions representing primitive painting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Biao Jia , Chen Fang , Jonathan Brandt , Byungmoon Kim , Dinesh Manocha

Imitation learning seeks to circumvent the difficulty in designing proper reward functions for training agents by utilizing expert behavior. With environments modeled as Markov Decision Processes (MDP), most of the existing imitation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Dripta S. Raychaudhuri , Sujoy Paul , Jeroen van Baar , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

Reinforcement learning methods require careful design involving a reward function to obtain the desired action policy for a given task. In the absence of hand-crafted reward functions, prior work on the topic has proposed several methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Daiki Kimura , Subhajit Chaudhury , Ryuki Tachibana , Sakyasingha Dasgupta

The field of reinforcement learning (RL) is facing increasingly challenging domains with combinatorial complexity. For an RL agent to address these challenges, it is essential that it can plan effectively. Prior work has typically utilized…

We present a framework for autonomously learning a portable representation that describes a collection of low-level continuous environments. We show that these abstract representations can be learned in a task-independent egocentric space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Steven James , Benjamin Rosman , George Konidaris

Continual learning is often motivated by the idea, known as the big world hypothesis, that "the world is bigger" than the agent. Recent problem formulations capture this idea by explicitly constraining an agent relative to the environment.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Alex Lewandowski , Adtiya A. Ramesh , Edan Meyer , Dale Schuurmans , Marlos C. Machado

Recently, model-based agents have achieved better performance than model-free ones using the same computational budget and training time in single-agent environments. However, due to the complexity of multi-agent systems, it is tough to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Zhiwei Xu , Dapeng Li , Bin Zhang , Yuan Zhan , Yunpeng Bai , Guoliang Fan

We propose a novel approach for planning agents to compose abstract skills via observing and learning from historical interactions with the world. Our framework operates in a Markov state-space model via a set of actions under unknown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Tin Lai