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In a recent work difference equations (Laguerre-Freud equations) for the bi-orthogonal polynomials and related quantities corresponding to the weight on the unit circle $ w(z)=\prod^m_{j=1}(z-z_j(t))^{\rho_j} $ were derived.Here it is shown…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 P. J. Forrester , N. S. Witte

We study the asymptotic behavior of the partition function and the correlation kernel in random matrix ensembles of the form $\frac{1}{Z_n} \big|\det \big( M^2-tI \big)\big|^{\alpha} e^{-n\operatorname{Tr} V(M)}dM$, where $M$ is an $n\times…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-03-24 Tom Claeys , Benjamin Fahs

$\tau$-functions of certain Painlev\'e equations (PVI,PV,PIII) can be expressed as a Fredholm determinant. Further, the minor expansion of these determinants provide an interesting connection to Random partitions. This paper is a step…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Harini Desiraju

Versions of Tracy-Widom (TW) and Adler-Shiota-van Moerbeke (ASvM) approaches are applied to derive various partial differential equations (PDE) satisfied by joint eigenvalue spacing probabilities of two coupled Gaussian Hermitian matrices…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Igor Rumanov

In a recent study of large non-null sample covariance matrices, a new sequence of functions generalizing the GUE Tracy-Widom distribution of random matrix theory was obtained. This paper derives Painlev\'e formulas of these functions and…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Jinho Baik

A spectral average which generalises the local spacing distribution of the eigenvalues of random $ N\times N $ hermitian matrices in the bulk of their spectrum as $ N\to\infty $ is known to be a $\tau$-function of the fifth Painlev\'e…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2009-11-13 A. V. Kitaev , N. S. Witte

We study Fredholm determinants of the Painlev\'e II and Painlev\'e XXXIV kernels. In certain critical unitary random matrix ensembles, these determinants describe special gap probabilities of eigenvalues. We obtain Tracy-Widom formulas for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-09-26 Shuai-Xia Xu , Dan Dai

We study the universal scaling limit of random partitions obeying the Schur measure. Extending our previous analysis [arXiv:2012.06424], we obtain the higher-order Pearcey kernel describing the multi-critical behavior in the cusp scaling…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-02-06 Taro Kimura , Ali Zahabi

The probabilities for gaps in the eigenvalue spectrum of finite $ N\times N $ random unitary ensembles on the unit circle with a singular weight, and the related hermitian ensembles on the line with Cauchy weight, are found exactly. The…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 N. S. Witte , P. J. Forrester

We study four dimensional supersymmetric gauge theory in the presence of surface and point-like defects (blowups) and propose an identity relating partition functions at different values of $\Omega$-deformation parameters…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-12-27 Nikita Nekrasov

We discuss some physical consequences of the resurgent structure of Painleve equations and their related conformal block expansions. The resurgent structure of Painleve equations is particularly transparent when expressed in terms of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-25 Gerald V. Dunne

We derive Painlev\'e--type expressions for the distribution of the $m^{th}$ largest eigenvalue in the Gaussian Orthogonal and Symplectic Ensembles in the edge scaling limit. This work generalizes to general $m$ the $m=1$ results of Tracy…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Momar Dieng

This is the first installment in a series of papers devoted to examining certain aspects of the asymptotic value distribution and distribution of zeros manifested by members of a broad class of linear combinations of L-functions in the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-20 D. A. Hejhal

In this work, we investigate the estimation of a parameter $f$ in PDEs using Bayesian procedures, and focus on posterior distributions constructed using Gaussian process priors, and its variational approximation. We establish contraction…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Yuxin Fan , Bangti Jin

We prove that the distribution function of the largest eigenvalue in the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) in the edge scaling limit is expressible in terms of Painlev\'e II. Our goal is to concentrate on this important example of the…

solv-int · Physics 2007-05-23 Craig A. Tracy , Harold Widom

This paper first surveys the connection of integrable systems of the Painleve type to various distribution functions appearing in Wigner-Dyson random matrix theory. A short discussion is then given of the appearance of these same…

solv-int · Physics 2007-05-23 Craig A. Tracy , Harold Widom

We investigate quantum persistence by analyzing amplitude and phase fluctuations of the wave function governed by the time-dependent free-particle Schr\"odinger equation. The quantum system is initialized with local random uncorrelated…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-09 Cheng Ma , Omar Malik , G. Korniss

This paper studies a machine learning regression problem as a multivariate approximation problem using the framework of the theory of random functions. An ab initio derivation of a regression method is proposed, starting from postulates of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yuriy N. Bakhvalov

We consider Monge-Kantorovich optimal transport problems on $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\ge 1$, with a convex cost function given by the cumulant generating function of a probability measure. Examples include the Wasserstein-2 transport whose cost…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-29 Soumik Pal

In recent years, the Fourier series (Zak transform) structure of the Painlev\'e I tau function has emerged in multiple contexts. Its main building block admits several conjectural interpretations, such as the partition function of an…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 Nikolai Iorgov , Kohei Iwaki , Oleg Lisovyy , Yurii Zhuravlov