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We introduce a hybrid "Modified Genetic Algorithm-Multilevel Stochastic Gradient Descent" (MGA-MSGD) training algorithm that considerably improves accuracy and efficiency of solving 3D mechanical problems described, in strong-form, by PDEs…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-17 Hamidreza Dehghani , Andreas Zilian

While momentum-based accelerated variants of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) are widely used when training machine learning models, there is little theoretical understanding on the generalization error of such methods. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Ali Ramezani-Kebrya , Kimon Antonakopoulos , Volkan Cevher , Ashish Khisti , Ben Liang

Beside the standard stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method, the Adam optimizer due to Kingma & Ba (2014) is currently probably the best-known optimization method for the training of deep neural networks in artificial intelligence (AI)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Steffen Dereich , Thang Do , Arnulf Jentzen , Philippe von Wurstemberger

Training a modern machine learning architecture on a new task requires extensive learning-rate tuning, which comes at a high computational cost. Here we develop new Polyak-type adaptive learning rates that can be used on top of any momentum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Fabian Schaipp , Ruben Ohana , Michael Eickenberg , Aaron Defazio , Robert M. Gower

Optimization lies at the core of modern deep learning, yet existing methods often face a fundamental trade-off between adapting to problem geometry and leveraging curvature utilization. Steepest descent algorithms adapt to different…

The Adam optimizer is currently presumably the most popular optimization method in deep learning. In this article we develop an ODE based method to study the Adam optimizer in a fast-slow scaling regime. For fixed momentum parameters and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Steffen Dereich , Arnulf Jentzen , Sebastian Kassing

While first-order methods are popular for solving optimization problems that arise in large-scale deep learning problems, they come with some acute deficiencies. To diminish such shortcomings, there has been recent interest in applying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Mahsa Yousefi , Angeles Martinez

In this paper, we investigate the convergence properties of a wide class of Adam-family methods for minimizing quadratically regularized nonsmooth nonconvex optimization problems, especially in the context of training nonsmooth neural…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-16 Kuangyu Ding , Nachuan Xiao , Kim-Chuan Toh

In this paper, we provide a rigorous proof of convergence of the Adaptive Moment Estimate (Adam) algorithm for a wide class of optimization objectives. Despite the popularity and efficiency of the Adam algorithm in training deep neural…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-08 Haochuan Li , Alexander Rakhlin , Ali Jadbabaie

Adaptive moment methods such as Adam use a diagonal, coordinate-wise preconditioner based on exponential moving averages of squared gradients. This diagonal scaling is coordinate-system dependent and can struggle with dense or rotated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Devender Singh , Tarun Sheel

We explore the potential for quantum speedups in convex optimization using discrete simulations of the Quantum Hamiltonian Descent (QHD) framework, as proposed by Leng et al., and establish the first rigorous query complexity bounds. We…

Many adaptive optimization methods have been proposed and used in deep learning, in which Adam is regarded as the default algorithm and widely used in many deep learning frameworks. Recently, many variants of Adam, such as Adabound, RAdam…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Wei Yuan , Kai-Xin Gao

We propose a projected semi-stochastic gradient descent method with mini-batch for improving both the theoretical complexity and practical performance of the general stochastic gradient descent method (SGD). We are able to prove linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-08 Jie Liu , Martin Takac

With small-scale quantum processors transitioning from experimental physics labs to industrial products, these processors allow us to efficiently compute important algorithms in various fields. In this paper, we propose a quantum algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-22 Aritra Sarkar , Zaid Al-Ars , Carmen G. Almudever , Koen Bertels

An algorithm is proposed for solving optimization problems arising in neural network training for supervised learning. The unique feature of the algorithm is the use of an auxiliary loss, in addition to the original loss employed for model…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Yunlang Zhu , Lingjun Guo , Zahra Khatti , Xiaoyi Qu , Chia-Yuan Wu , Lara Zebiane , Frank E. Curtis

In recent years, even though Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its variants are well-known for training neural networks, it suffers from limitations such as the lack of theoretical guarantees, vanishing gradients, and excessive…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-17 Junxiang Wang , Hongyi Li , Liang Zhao

We introduce a general method for improving the convergence rate of gradient-based optimizers that is easy to implement and works well in practice. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in a range of optimization problems by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Atilim Gunes Baydin , Robert Cornish , David Martinez Rubio , Mark Schmidt , Frank Wood

Despite the popularity of the Adam optimizer in practice, most theoretical analyses study Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) as a proxy for Adam, and little is known about how the solutions found by Adam differ. In this paper, we show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Xinghan Li , Haodong Wen , Kaifeng Lyu

We combine two advanced ideas widely used in optimization for machine learning: shuffling strategy and momentum technique to develop a novel shuffling gradient-based method with momentum, coined Shuffling Momentum Gradient (SMG), for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-10 Trang H. Tran , Lam M. Nguyen , Quoc Tran-Dinh

Recently, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its variants have become the dominant methods in the large-scale optimization of machine learning (ML) problems. A variety of strategies have been proposed for tuning the step sizes, ranging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Xiaoyu Li