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If a transiting exoplanet has a moon, that moon could be detected directly from the transit it produces itself, or indirectly via the transit timing variations it produces in its parent planet. There is a range of parameter space where the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-01 Chris Fox , Paul Wiegert

Transit timing variations provide a powerful tool for confirming and characterizing transiting planets, as well as detecting non-transiting planets. We report the results an updated TTV analysis for 1481 planet candidates (Borucki et al.…

Transit timing variations (TTVs) have proven to be a powerful technique for confirming Kepler planet candidates, for detecting non-transiting planets, and for constraining the masses and orbital elements of multi-planet systems. These TTV…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-20 Katherine M. Deck , Eric Agol , Matthew J. Holman , David Nesvorny

We identify targets in the Kepler field that may be characterized by transit timing variations (TTVs) and are detectable by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Despite the reduced signal-to-noise ratio of TESS transits…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Daniel Jontof-Hutter , Paul A. Dalba , John H. Livingston

An exomoon will produce transit timing variations (TTVs) upon the parent planet and their undersampled nature causes half of such TTVs to manifest within a frequency range of 2 to 4 cycles, irrespective of exomoon demographics. Here, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-07 David Kipping , Daniel A. Yahalomi

Transiting exoplanets in multi-planet systems exhibit non-Keplerian orbits as a result of the gravitational influence from companions which can cause the times and durations of transits to vary. The amplitude and periodicity of the transit…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-24 Kyle A. Pearson

We observed Kepler-421 during the anticipated third transit of the snow-line exoplanet Kepler-421b in order to constrain the existence and extent of transit timing variations (TTVs). Previously, the Kepler Spacecraft only observed two…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-27 Paul A. Dalba , Philip S. Muirhead

Kepler will monitor a sufficient number of stars that it is likely to detect single transits of planets with periods longer than the mission lifetime. We show that by combining the exquisite Kepler photometry of such transits with precise…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jennifer C. Yee , B. Scott Gaudi

The Kepler Mission has discovered thousands of exoplanets and revolutionized our understanding of their population. This large, homogeneous catalog of discoveries has enabled rigorous studies of the occurrence rate of exoplanets and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 Daniel Foreman-Mackey , Timothy D. Morton , David W. Hogg , Eric Agol , Bernhard Schölkopf

NASA's Kepler Space Telescope has successfully discovered thousands of exoplanet candidates using the transit method, including hundreds of stars with multiple transiting planets. In order to estimate the frequency of these valuable…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 Joshua Brakensiek , Darin Ragozzine

The transits of a planet on a Keplerian orbit occur at time intervals exactly equal to the period of the orbit. If a second planet is introduced the orbit is not Keplerian and the transits are no longer exactly periodic. We compute the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Agol , J. Steffen , R. Sari , W. Clarkson

Transit timing variations (TTVs) can provide useful information for systems observed by transit, as they allow us to put constraints on the masses and eccentricities of the observed planets, or even to constrain the existence of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-15 A. Leleu , G. Chatel , S. Udry , Y. Alibert , J. -B. Delisle , R. Mardling

We fit a dynamical model to Kepler systems that contain four or more transiting planets using the analytic method AnalyticLC, and obtain physical and orbital parameters for 101 planets in 23 systems, of which 95 are of mass significance…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-14 Yair Judkovsky , Aviv Ofir , Oded Aharonson

We present the results of an extensive study of the detectability of Earth-sized planets and super-Earths in the habitable zones of cool and low-mass stars using transit timing variation method. We have considered a system consisting of a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Nader Haghighipour , Sabrina Kirste

Inferring planetary parameters from transit timing variations is challenging for small exoplanets because their transits may be so weak that determination of individual transit timing is difficult or impossible. We implement a useful…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-24 Gideon Yoffe , Aviv Ofir , Oded Aharonson

Transit timing variations (TTV) are considered a tool for constraining the masses of transiting planets in the absence of radial-velocity data. Although theoretical studies have long revealed that TTV mass determinations intrinsically…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-13 Sheng Jin , Dong-Hong Wu , Xiao-Ling Xu , Jianghui Ji

We present a new catalog of Kepler planet candidates that prioritizes accuracy of planetary dispositions and properties over uniformity. This catalog contains 4376 transiting planet candidates, including 1791 residing within 709…

KOI-227, KOI-319 and KOI-884 are identified here as (at least) two planet systems. For KOI-319 and KOI-884, the observed Transit Timing Variations (TTVs) of the inner transiting planet are used to detect an outer non-transiting planet. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 David Nesvorny , David Kipping , Dirk Terrell , Farhan Feroz

Photometric follow-ups of transiting exoplanets (TEPs) may lead to discoveries of additional, less massive bodies in extrasolar systems. This is possible by detecting and then analysing variations in transit timing of transiting exoplanets.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 G. Maciejewski , R. Neuhaeuser , St. Raetz , R. Errmann , U. Kramm , T. O. B. Schmidt