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Safety filters provide a practical approach for enforcing safety constraints in autonomous systems. While learning-based tools scale to high-dimensional systems, their performance depends on informative data that includes states likely to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-16 James Dallas , Thomas Lew , John Talbot , Jonathan DeCastro , Somil Bansal , John Subosits

We establish a Pontryagin maximum principle for discrete time optimal control problems under the following three types of constraints: a) constraints on the states pointwise in time, b) constraints on the control actions pointwise in time,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-27 Pradyumna Paruchuri , Debasish Chatterjee

In this work, we investigate an indirect approach for the numerical solution of optimal control problems via neural networks. A customized neural network is constructed, where optimal state, co-state and control trajectories are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-13 Mominul Rubel , Gabriel Nicolosi

We consider an optimal control problem for a system of local continuity equations on a space of probability measures. Such systems can be viewed as macroscopic models of ensembles of non-interacting particles or homotypic individuals,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-07 Maxim Staritsyn , Nikolay Pogodaev , Roman Chertovskih , Fernando Lobo Pereira

In this paper, we present a framework for solving continuous optimal control problems when the true system dynamics are approximated through an imperfect model. We derive a control strategy by applying Pontryagin's Minimum Principle to the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Panagiotis Kounatidis , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Recent work linking deep neural networks and dynamical systems opened up new avenues to analyze deep learning. In particular, it is observed that new insights can be obtained by recasting deep learning as an optimal control problem on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Weinan E , Jiequn Han , Qianxiao Li

Without exact knowledge of the true system dynamics, optimal control of non-linear continuous-time systems requires careful treatment under epistemic uncertainty. In this work, we translate a probabilistic interpretation of the Pontryagin…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 David Leeftink , Çağatay Yıldız , Steffen Ridderbusch , Max Hinne , Marcel van Gerven

Reinforcement learning has traditionally focused on learning state-dependent policies to solve optimal control problems in a closed-loop fashion. In this work, we introduce the paradigm of open-loop reinforcement learning where a fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Onno Eberhard , Claire Vernade , Michael Muehlebach

In this short communication, we first recall a version of the Pontryagin maximum principle for general finite-dimensional nonlinear optimal sampled-data control problems. This result was recently obtained in [L. Bourdin and E. Tr{\'e}lat ,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-12-16 Loïc Bourdin , Emmanuel Trélat

State-space models (SSMs) are effective architectures for sequential modeling, but a rigorous theoretical understanding of their training dynamics is still lacking. In this work, we formulate the training of SSMs as an ensemble optimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Ye Feng , Jianfeng Lu

Optimal control remains as one of the most versatile frameworks in systems theory, enabling applications ranging from classical robust control to real-time safe operation of fleets of vehicles. While some optimal control problems can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-20 Runxin He , Humberto Gonzalez

We analyze a novel class of rough stochastic control problems that allows for a convenient approach to solving pathwise stochastic control problems with both non-anticipative and anticipative controls. We first establish the well-posedness…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Ulrich Horst , Huilin Zhang

Solving real-world optimal control problems are challenging tasks, as the complex, high-dimensional system dynamics are usually unrevealed to the decision maker. It is thus hard to find the optimal control actions numerically. To deal with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Chengyang Gu , Hui Xiong , Yize Chen

Sequential Convex Programming (SCP) has recently gained significant popularity as an effective method for solving optimal control problems and has been successfully applied in several different domains. However, the theoretical analysis of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-07 Riccardo Bonalli , Thomas Lew , Marco Pavone

We study a continuous time stochastic optimal control problem under partial observations that are available only at discrete time instants. This hybrid setting, with continuous dynamics and intermittent noisy measurements, arises in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Christian Bayer , Saifeddine Ben naamia , Erik von Schwerin , Raul Tempone

This paper develops a Pontryagin Differentiable Programming (PDP) methodology, which establishes a unified framework to solve a broad class of learning and control tasks. The PDP distinguishes from existing methods by two novel techniques:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Wanxin Jin , Zhaoran Wang , Zhuoran Yang , Shaoshuai Mou

The aim of this notes is to give a concise introduction to control theory for systems governed by stochastic partial differential equations. We shall mainly focus on controllability and optimal control problems for these systems. For the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-27 Qi Lü , Xu Zhang

We study the time-optimal robust control of a two-level quantum system subjected to field inhomogeneities. We apply the Pontryagin Maximum Principle and we introduce a reduced space onto which the optimal dynamics is projected down. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 O. Fresse-Colson , S. Guérin , Xi Chen , D. Sugny

Artificial neural networks often struggle with catastrophic forgetting when learning multiple tasks sequentially, as training on new tasks degrades the performance on previously learned tasks. Recent theoretical work has addressed this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Francesco Mori , Stefano Sarao Mannelli , Francesca Mignacco

We investigate optimal control problems with $L^0$ constraints, which restrict the measure of the support of the controls. We prove necessary optimality conditions of Pontryagin maximum principle type. Here, a special control perturbation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-04 Daniel Wachsmuth