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In this paper we study the question of effective field assignment to measured or nonperturbatively calculated spectral functions. The straightforward procedure is to approximate it by a sum of independent Breit-Wigner resonances, and assign…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-05 A. Jakovac

The quantum field of a single particle is expressed as the sum of the particle's ordinary wave function and the vacuum fluctuations. An exact quantum-field calculation shows that the squared amplitude of this field sums, at any time, to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Benjamin Ross

In this paper, we have proposed the spinor wave equation of free and non-free photon. On this basis, we given the spin operators and spin wave functions of photon, and calculated the wave function of photon in vacuum and medium. In…

Optics · Physics 2019-02-19 Xiang-Yao Wu , Ben-Shan Wu , Qing Pan , Xiao-Jing Liu , Ji-Ping Liu , Xiao-Ru Zhang , Ji Ma

The classical electromagnetic field of a spinless point electron is described in a formalism with extended causality by discrete finite point-vector fields with discrete and localized point interactions. These fields are taken as a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-15 Manoelito M de Souza , Jair V. Costa , Adriano S. Pedra

The Bialynicki-Birula-Sipe photon wave function formalism is extended to include the interaction between photons and continuous non-absorptive media. When the second quantization of this formalism is introduced, a new way of describing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-26 Pablo L. Saldanha , C. H. Monken

Soft or collinear photon emission potentially poses numerical problems in the phase-space integration of radiative processes. In this paper, a general subtraction formalism is presented that removes such singularities from the integrand of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-04-06 Stefan Dittmaier

We present a simple yet rigorous field theoretic demonstration of the nonlocality of a single-photon field. The formalism used allows us to calculate the electric field of a single-photon light beam sent through a beam splitter, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-04 Andrea Aiello

We perform consistently the Gupta-Bleuler quantization combined with Dirac procedure for a chiral boson with the parameter ($\alpha$) on the circle, the boundary of the circular droplet. For $\alpha =1$, we obtain the holomorphic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Y. S. Myung

This paper is devoted to the theory of quantum electromagnetic field in an optically dense medium. Self-consistent equations describing interaction between a quantum field and a quantum dielectric medium are obtained from the first…

Optics · Physics 2015-01-29 M. D. Tokman , M. A. Erukhimova , V. V. Vdovin

1-loop quantum corrections are shown to induce large effects on the refraction index $n$ inside a graphene strip in the presence of an external magnetic field $B$ orthogonal to it. To this purpose, we use the tools of Quantum Field Theory…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-10-27 Olivier Coquand , Bruno Machet

We formulate the Gupta-Bleuler canonical, covariant and gauge invariant supersymmetric quantization of the supersymmetric (massless) vector field. Our main tool is the recently introduced Hilbert-Krein structure of the N=1 superspace.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Florin Constantinescu

Predicting phenomena that mix few-photon quantum optics with strong field nonlinear optics is hindered by the use of separate theoretical formalisms for each regime. We close this gap with a unified effective field theory valid for…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-30 Xiaochen Liu , Ken-Tye Yong

1-loop quantum corrections are shown to induce large effects on the refraction index n inside a graphene strip in the presence of an external magnetic field B orthogonal to it. To this purpose, we use the tools of Quantum Field Theory to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-07-09 Olivier Coquand , Bruno Machet

One and two photon wave functions are derived by projecting the quantum state vector onto simultaneous eigenvectors of the number operator and a recently constructed photon position operator [Phys. Rev A 59, 954 (1999)] that couples spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Margaret Hawton

The problem of a single electron in a magnetic field is revisited from first principles. It is shown that the standard quantization, used by Landau, is inconsistent for this problem, whence Landau's wave functions spontaneously break the…

General Physics · Physics 2013-04-05 D. K. Sunko

In this paper $\gamma^* - \gamma^*$ scattering with large, but more or less equal virtualities of two photons is discussed using BFKL dynamics, emphasizing the large impact parameter behavior ($b_t$) of the dipole-dipole amplitude. It is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Bondarenko , M. Kozlov , E. Levin

Exploring the concept of the extended Galilei group $\mathcal{G}$, a representation for the symplectic quantum mechanics in the manifold of $\mathcal{G}$, written in the light-cone of a five-dimensional De Sitter space-time, is derived…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-03 Gustavo Xavier Antunes Petronilo , Sergio Costa Ulhoa , Ademir Eugenio Santana

The simplest single-photon entanglement is the entanglement of the vacuum state and the single-photon state between two path modes. The verification of the existence of single-photon entanglement has attracted extensive research interests.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Wei Li , Shengmei Zhao

The quadrupole formula in four-dimensional Einstein gravity is a useful tool to describe gravitational wave radiation. We derive the quadrupole formula for the Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes in the Randall-Sundrum braneworld model. The quadrupole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Shunichiro Kinoshita , Hideaki Kudoh , Yuuiti Sendouda , Katsuhiko Sato

The quantization of gauge fields with the help of the Gupta-Bleuler formalism is reviewed.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. Gottschalk