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Over the past decade classical optical systems with gain or loss, modelled by non-Hermitian parity-time symmetric Hamiltonians, have been deeply investigated. Yet, their applicability to the quantum domain with number-resolved photonic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Ross Wakefield , Anthony Laing , Yogesh N. Joglekar

Non-stationary version of unitary quantum mechanics formulated in non-Hermitian (or, more precisely, in hiddenly Hermitian) interaction-picture representation is illustrated via an elementary $N$ by $N$ matrix Hamiltonian $H(t)$ mimicking a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-27 Miloslav Znojil

Describing systems with non-Hermitian (NH) operators remains a challenge in quantum theory due to instabilities (e.g., exceptional points and decoherence) arising from interactions with the environment. We propose a framework to express the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Priyanshi Bhasin , Tanmoy Das

One of the most remarkable results of quantum mechanics is the fact that many-body quantum systems may exhibit phase transitions even at zero temperature. Quantum fluctuations, deeply rooted in Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, and not…

We investigated the behavior of non-Hermitian bosonic gases with Hubbard interactions in the one-dimensional zigzag optical lattices through the calculation of dynamic response functions. Our findings showed the existence of a non-Hermitian…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2023-09-22 Chengxi Li , Yubiao Wu , Wu-Ming Liu

The Hamiltonian H specifies the energy levels and time evolution of a quantum theory. A standard axiom of quantum mechanics requires that H be Hermitian because Hermiticity guarantees that the energy spectrum is real and that time evolution…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Carl M. Bender

We propose random non-Hermitian Hamiltonians to model the generic stochastic nonlinear dynamics of a quantum state in Hilbert space. Our approach features an underlying linearity in the dynamical equations, ensuring the applicability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-31 Pei Wang

The dynamics of quantum phase transitions poses one of the most challenging problems in modern many-body physics. Here, we study a prototypical example in a clean and well-controlled ultracold atom setup by observing the emergence of…

We study the Bose and Fermi Hubbard model in the (formal) limit of large coordination numbers $Z\gg1$. Via an expansion into powers of $1/Z$, we establish a hierarchy of correlations which facilitates an approximate analytical derivation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-25 F. Queisser , K. V. Krutitsky , P. Navez , R. Schützhold

The Hermiticity condition in quantum mechanics required for the characterisation of (a) physical observables and (b) generators of unitary motions can be relaxed into a wider class of operators whose eigenvalues are real and whose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Dorje C. Brody

Critical phase transitions contain a variety of deep and universal physics, and are intimately tied to thermodynamic quantities through scaling relations. Yet, these notions are challenged in the context of non-Hermiticity, where spatial or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-01-06 R. Arouca , C. H. Lee , C. Morais Smith

In this paper the evolution of a quantum system drived by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian depending on slowly-changing parameters is studied by building an universal high-order adiabatic approximation(HOAA) method with Berry's phase ,which is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Chang-Pu Sun

Non-Hermiticity in quantum Hamiltonians leads to nonunitary time evolution and possibly complex energy eigenvalues, which can lead to a rich phenomenology with no Hermitian counterpart. In this work, we study the dynamics of an exactly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-25 Karin Sim , Nicolò Defenu , Paolo Molignini , R. Chitra

Bose-Hubbard models are simple paradigmatic lattice models used to study dynamics and phases of quantum bosonic matter. We combine the extended Bose-Hubbard model in the hard-core regime with ring-exchange hoppings. By investigating the…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2022-06-09 Krzysztof Giergiel , Ruben Lier , Piotr Surówka , Arkadiusz Kosior

For decades, Hermiticity was considered an immutable axiom of quantum mechanics, essential for ensuring real energies and unitary evolution. This perspective has shifted radically, driven by the realization that non-Hermitian Hamiltonians…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Federico Roccati , Federico Balducci

A non-Hermitian operator may serve as the Hamiltonian for a unitary quantum system, if we can modify the Hilbert space of state vectors of the system so that it turns into a Hermitian operator. If this operator is time-dependent, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-12 Ali Mostafazadeh

We demonstrate that genuinely non-Hermitian topological phases and corresponding topological phase transitions can be naturally realized in monitored quantum circuits, exemplified by the paradigmatic non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-08-26 Christoph Fleckenstein , Alberto Zorzato , Daniel Varjas , Emil J. Bergholtz , Jens H. Bardarson , Apoorv Tiwari

We study the response of a thermal state of the Hubbard-like system to either global or local non-Hermitian perturbation, which coalesces the degenerate ground state within the $U(1)$ symmetry breaking phase. We show that the dynamical…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-09-08 X. Z. Zhang , Z. Song

We investigate uncertainty relations for quantum observables evolving under non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, with particular emphasis on the role of metric operators. By constructing appropriate metrics in each dynamical regime, namely the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Yanet Alvarez , Mariela Portesi , Romina Ramirez , Marta Reboiro

Engineering quantum bath networks through non-Hermitian subsystem Hamiltonians has recently emerged as a promising strategy for qubit cooling, state stabilization, and fault-tolerant quantum computation. However, scaling these systems while…