English
Related papers

Related papers: A Word-Complexity Lexicon and A Neural Readability…

200 papers

An interesting method of evaluating word representations is by how much they reflect the semantic representations in the human brain. However, most, if not all, previous works only focus on small datasets and a single modality. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Nora Hollenstein , Antonio de la Torre , Nicolas Langer , Ce Zhang

Despite an ever growing number of word representation models introduced for a large number of languages, there is a lack of a standardized technique to provide insights into what is captured by these models. Such insights would help the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Gözde Gül Şahin , Clara Vania , Ilia Kuznetsov , Iryna Gurevych

Lexical resources are crucial for cross-linguistic analysis and can provide new insights into computational models for natural language learning. Here, we present an advanced database for comparative studies of words with multiple meanings,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Annika Tjuka , Robert Forkel , Christoph Rzymski , Johann-Mattis List

Research on text simplification has primarily focused on lexical and sentence-level changes. Long document-level simplification (DS) is still relatively unexplored. Large Language Models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, have excelled in many natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Dengzhao Fang , Jipeng Qiang , Yi Zhu , Yunhao Yuan , Wei Li , Yan Liu

Lexical normalisation (LN) is the process of correcting each word in a dataset to its canonical form so that it may be more easily and more accurately analysed. Most lexical normalisation systems operate at the character-level, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Michael Stewart , Wei Liu , Rachel Cardell-Oliver

Distributional semantics models derive word space from linguistic items in context. Meaning is obtained by defining a distance measure between vectors corresponding to lexical entities. Such vectors present several problems. In this paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-25 Jakub Dutkiewicz , Czesław Jędrzejek

The meaning of a word often varies depending on its usage in different domains. The standard word embedding models struggle to represent this variation, as they learn a single global representation for a word. We propose a method to learn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Lahari Poddar , Gyorgy Szarvas , Lea Frermann

Plain Language Summarization (PLS) aims to distill complex documents into accessible summaries for non-expert audiences. In this paper, we conduct a thorough survey of PLS literature, and identify that the current standard practice for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Isabel Cachola , Daniel Khashabi , Mark Dredze

Semantic textual similarity is one of the open research challenges in the field of Natural Language Processing. Extensive research has been carried out in this field and near-perfect results are achieved by recent transformer-based models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Dhivya Chandrasekaran , Vijay Mago

Reliable evaluation of large language model (LLM)-generated summaries remains an open challenge, particularly across heterogeneous domains and document lengths. We conduct a comprehensive meta-evaluation of 14 automatic summarization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Huyen Nguyen , Haoxuan Zhang , Yang Zhang , Junhua Ding , Haihua Chen

Traditional approaches to extractive summarization rely heavily on human-engineered features. In this work we propose a data-driven approach based on neural networks and continuous sentence features. We develop a general framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-04 Jianpeng Cheng , Mirella Lapata

Lexical complexity prediction (LCP) is the task of predicting the complexity of words in a text on a continuous scale. It plays a vital role in simplifying or annotating complex words to assist readers. To study lexical complexity in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Yusuke Ide , Masato Mita , Adam Nohejl , Hiroki Ouchi , Taro Watanabe

Recent studies have used both automatic metrics and human evaluations to assess the simplification abilities of LLMs. However, the suitability of existing evaluation methodologies for LLMs remains in question. First, the suitability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Xuanxin Wu , Yuki Arase

A systematic review identifies and collates various clinical studies and compares data elements and results in order to provide an evidence based answer for a particular clinical question. The process is manual and involves lot of time. A…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Tanmay Basu , Shraman Kumar , Abhishek Kalyan , Priyanka Jayaswal , Pawan Goyal , Stephen Pettifer , Siddhartha R. Jonnalagadda

We study dictionary definition generation (DDG), i.e., the generation of non-contextualized definitions for given headwords. Dictionary definitions are an essential resource for learning word senses, but manually creating them is costly,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yusuke Ide , Adam Nohejl , Joshua Tanner , Hitomi Yanaka , Christopher Lindsay , Taro Watanabe

The goal of this work is to build a classifier that can identify text complexity within the context of teaching reading to English as a Second Language (ESL) learners. To present language learners with texts that are suitable to their level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-22 M. Zakaria Kurdi

We introduce a method for analyzing the complexity of natural language processing tasks, and for predicting the difficulty new NLP tasks. Our complexity measures are derived from the Kolmogorov complexity of a class of automata --- {\it…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Wlodek Zadrozny

Neural document ranking models perform impressively well due to superior language understanding gained from pre-training tasks. However, due to their complexity and large number of parameters, these (typically transformer-based) models are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Jurek Leonhardt , Koustav Rudra , Avishek Anand

In this work we explore recent advances in Recurrent Neural Networks for large scale Language Modeling, a task central to language understanding. We extend current models to deal with two key challenges present in this task: corpora and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-02-15 Rafal Jozefowicz , Oriol Vinyals , Mike Schuster , Noam Shazeer , Yonghui Wu

Dense word embeddings, which encode semantic meanings of words to low dimensional vector spaces have become very popular in natural language processing (NLP) research due to their state-of-the-art performances in many NLP tasks. Word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-20 Lutfi Kerem Senel , Ihsan Utlu , Veysel Yucesoy , Aykut Koc , Tolga Cukur