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We show that every linear optical component can be completely described as a device that converts one set of orthogonal input modes, one by one, to a matching set of orthogonal output modes. This result holds for any linear optical…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-11 David A. B. Miller

The ever-increasing demand for processing data with larger machine learning models requires more efficient hardware solutions due to limitations such as power dissipation and scalability. Optics is a promising contender for providing lower…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Ilker Oguz , Jih-Liang Hsieh , Niyazi Ulas Dinc , Uğur Teğin , Mustafa Yildirim , Carlo Gigli , Christophe Moser , Demetri Psaltis

Achieving precise control of light intensity in 3D volumes is highly in demand in many applications in optics. Various wavefront shaping techniques have been utilized to reconstruct a target amplitude profile within a 3D space. However,…

Optical computing systems provide an alternate hardware model which appears to be aligned with the demands of neural network workloads. However, the challenge of implementing energy efficient nonlinearities in optics -- a key requirement…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-04 N. Richardson , C. Bosch , R. P. Adams

When light propagates through a multimode optical fibre (MMF), the spatial information it carries is scrambled. Wavefront shaping can undo this scrambling, typically one spatial mode at a time - enabling deployment of MMFs as ultra-thin…

Wavelet decompositions of integral operators have proven their efficiency in reducing computing times for many problems, ranging from the simulation of waves or fluids to the resolution of inverse problems in imaging. Unfortunately,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-03 Paul Escande , Pierre Weiss

Temporal waveform manipulation is a fundamental functionality in optics and crucial for applications like optical communications, microwave photonics and quantum optics. Traditional IQ- or phase-amplitude modulators shape light by carving…

Mode division multiplexing (MDM) in optical fibers enables multichannel capabilities for various applications, including data transmission, quantum networks, imaging, and sensing. However, MDM optical fiber systems, usually necessities…

Optics · Physics 2023-11-10 Kaihang Lu , Zengqi Chen , Hao Chen , Wu Zhou , Zunyue Zhang , Hon Ki Tsang , Yeyu Tong

Nonlinear imaging systems can surpass the limits of linear optics, but to date they have all relied on physical media (e.g. crystals) to work. These materials are all constrained by their physical properties, such as frequency selectivity,…

Optics · Physics 2015-07-31 Jen-Tang Lu , Alexandre S. Goy , Jason W. Fleischer

Linear oscillators contribute to most branches of contemporary quantum science. They have already successfully served as quantum sensors and memories, found applications in quantum communication, and hold promise for cluster-state-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Alisa D. Manukhova , Andrey A. Rakhubovsky , Radim Filip

The growing demand for real-time data processing in applications such as neural networks and embedded control systems has spurred the search for faster, more efficient alternatives to traditional electronic systems. In response, we…

Transformation optics offers an unconventional approach to the control of electromagnetic fields. A transformation optical structure is designed by first applying a form-invariant coordinate transform to Maxwell's equations, in which part…

All-optical image processing offers a high-speed, energy-efficient alternative to conventional electronic systems by leveraging the wave nature of light for parallel computation. However, traditional optical processors rely on bulky…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-17 Linzhi Yu , Haobijam J. Singh , Jesse Pietila , Humeyra Caglayan

Correcting the optical aberrations and the manufacturing deviations of cameras is a challenging task. Due to the limitation on volume and the demand for mass production, existing mobile terminals cannot rectify optical degradation. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Shiqi Chen , Ting Lin , Huajun Feng , Zhihai Xu , Qi Li , Yueting Chen

Wavefront shaping techniques allow the control of the transport of light through many types of scattering or complex media, among them multimode fibers. The case of a multimode fiber which is also a gain medium presents further intriguing…

Optics · Physics 2019-11-19 Tom Sperber , Vincent Billault , Patrick Sebbah , Sylvain Gigan

Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable breakthroughs by leveraging multiple layers of data processing to extract hidden representations, albeit at the cost of large electronic computing power. To enhance energy efficiency and speed,…

Thanks to the latest advancements in wavefront shaping, optical methods have proven crucial to achieve imaging and control light in multiply scattering media, like biological tissues. However, the stability times of living biological…

Optics · Physics 2023-09-21 Lorenzo Valzania , Sylvain Gigan

Light's spatial degree of freedom is emerging as a potential resource for a myriad of applications, in both classical and quantum domains, including secure communication, sensing and imaging. However, it has been repeatedly shown that a…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-19 Cade Peters , Isaac Nape , Andrew Forbes

The rapidly increasing size of deep-learning models has caused renewed and growing interest in alternatives to digital computers to dramatically reduce the energy cost of running state-of-the-art neural networks. Optical matrix-vector…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Maxwell G. Anderson , Shi-Yuan Ma , Tianyu Wang , Logan G. Wright , Peter L. McMahon